Plan estratégico para la atención y educación socio ambiental de 12 comunidades wayuu intervenidas por proyectos de transición energética en el municipio de Uribia – Colombia
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Guzmán Jarariyu, Inés Patricia
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
A nivel internacional, se percibe una fuerte tendencia hacia la búsqueda de alternativas para reducir el impacto ambiental causado por los sectores empresariales, los cuales fomentan el uso de los recursos naturales como un insumo para lograr sus metas institucionales, atentando de este modo, contra la sostenibilidad del medio ambiente en el corto, mediano y largo plazo. A raíz de esta clase de problema, surgió la necesidad de realizar el presente trabajo investigativo, con el propósito general de proponer un plan estratégico para la atención y educación socio ambiental de 12 comunidades Wayuu intervenidas por proyectos de transición energética en el Municipio de Uribia – Colombia. Para lograr dicho objetivo, fue necesario apoyarse en una metodología caracterizada por acudir al enfoque cualitativo, como la estrategia más viable para estudiar el fenómeno, de ahí que, toma protagonismo el diseño etnográfico de acción participativa, ya que, se influye en la incorporación de la investigadora hacia el epicentro que rodea a las comunidades Wayuu y las actividades de explotación de energía eólica, por ello, fue necesario elaborar varios instrumentos de recolección de datos, entre los que se destaca la entrevista dirigida a varios grupos de interés, quienes formaron parte del marco poblacional elegido, sumando un total de 13 personas. Los resultados más significativos permitieron establecer que el modelo de operación que adelantan las empresas no promueve la participación activa de las personas que habitan en los sitios cercanos a la explotación energética, lo cual se convierte en un detonante de conflictos y desacuerdos entre las compañías y los miembros de la etnia wayuu. En conclusión, hace falta fortalecer más la comunicación a través de la educación socio ambiental, el fortalecimiento cultural y de la interculturalidad. Además, de reforzar el
acompañamiento institucional de las entidades a la etnia Wayuu, puesto que, se observa una especie de exclusión en contra de dicho segmento, quien requiere de un tratamiento más inclusivo.
At an international level, there is a strong tendency towards the search for alternatives to reduce the environmental impact caused by business sectors, which promote the use of natural resources as an input to achieve their institutional goals, thus threatening environmental sustainability in the short, medium and long term. As a result of this type of problem, the need arose to carry out this research work, with the general purpose of proposing a strategic plan for the attention and socio-environmental education of 12 Wayuu communities affected by energy transition projects in the Municipality of Uribia - Colombia. In order to achieve this objective, it was necessary to rely on a methodology characterized by using a qualitative approach as the most viable strategy to study the phenomenon. Hence, the ethnographic design of participatory action takes center stage, since it influences the incorporation of the researcher into the epicenter surrounding the Wayuu communities and the wind energy exploitation activities. Therefore, it was necessary to develop several data collection instruments, among which the interviews directed to several interest groups, who were part of the chosen population framework, totaling 13 people, stand out. The most significant results allowed us to establish that the operating model carried out by the companies does not promote the active participation of the people who live in the sites close to the energy exploitation, which becomes a trigger for conflicts and disagreements between the companies and the members of the Wayuu ethnic group. In conclusion, it is necessary to further strengthen communication through socio-environmental education, cultural strengthening and interculturality. In addition, institutional support from entities to the Wayuu ethnic group must be strengthened, since a type of exclusion is observed against this segment, which requires more inclusive treatment.
At an international level, there is a strong tendency towards the search for alternatives to reduce the environmental impact caused by business sectors, which promote the use of natural resources as an input to achieve their institutional goals, thus threatening environmental sustainability in the short, medium and long term. As a result of this type of problem, the need arose to carry out this research work, with the general purpose of proposing a strategic plan for the attention and socio-environmental education of 12 Wayuu communities affected by energy transition projects in the Municipality of Uribia - Colombia. In order to achieve this objective, it was necessary to rely on a methodology characterized by using a qualitative approach as the most viable strategy to study the phenomenon. Hence, the ethnographic design of participatory action takes center stage, since it influences the incorporation of the researcher into the epicenter surrounding the Wayuu communities and the wind energy exploitation activities. Therefore, it was necessary to develop several data collection instruments, among which the interviews directed to several interest groups, who were part of the chosen population framework, totaling 13 people, stand out. The most significant results allowed us to establish that the operating model carried out by the companies does not promote the active participation of the people who live in the sites close to the energy exploitation, which becomes a trigger for conflicts and disagreements between the companies and the members of the Wayuu ethnic group. In conclusion, it is necessary to further strengthen communication through socio-environmental education, cultural strengthening and interculturality. In addition, institutional support from entities to the Wayuu ethnic group must be strengthened, since a type of exclusion is observed against this segment, which requires more inclusive treatment.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Etnia Wayuu, Interculturalidad, Transición energética, Educación ambiental
