Abuso sexual en niños y adolescentes en Colombia
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Barriosnuevos Osorio, Nikauly Daniela
Mercado Garces, Saily Andrea
Navarro Castillo, María José
Rodríguez Muñoz, María de los Ángeles
Vecino Pacheco, Julieth Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El abuso sexual dentro del ámbito escolar es una problemática que viene en
aumento, donde no solamente es infringe la norma con respecto a la protección del
menor en un ambiente donde deberían ser protegidos, sino que tiene un efecto
significativo a nivel psicosocial, repercutiendo en el bienestar general del niño. Por
eso se propone analizar el origen, las causas y las consecuencias psicosociales en
las víctimas para desarrollar las bases de posibles soluciones frente al abuso sexual
en las escuelas colombianas, destacando herramientas indispensables como la
promoción de la protección infantil, la prevención de casos de abuso y la intervención
en instituciones educativas (King, 2011). Se busca, además, dejar en evidencia la
importancia de métodos efectivos para garantizar los derechos de los menores. Se
habla del fenómeno desde un punto de vista de desigualdad de género, dinámicas de
poder y debido a factores sociales y culturales que refuerzan la violencia hacia el
menor, combinado con la desinformación y la escasez de mecanismos de protección
y prevención. Uno de los factores que entorpecen la detección efectiva e intervención
en el abuso sexual es la revictimización, pues la precariedad de los procesos
judiciales ocasiona que las víctimas sean sometidas a procesos que reafirman su
sufrimiento. Por lo tanto, se destaca el desarrollo de programas preventivos y de
protección infantil que no solo permitan la correcta identificación en estos casos, sino
que ayuden a la víctima a llevar el proceso de la manera menos traumática posible, y
donde todo el personal educativo pueda acceder a la información para un abordaje
correcto.
Sexual abuse within the school environment is a growing concern. This issue not only violates the standards connected to the protection of children in spaces where they should feel safe, but it also has significant psychosocial effects, directly impacting the child’s quality of life. For this cause, this study points to research the origins, causes, and psychosocial consequences experienced by victims, to lay the groundwork for potential solutions to address sexual abuse in Colombian schools. Essential strategies include promoting child protection, preventing abuse, and strengthening intervention protocols within educational institutions (King, 2011). This analysis also seeks to highlight the importance of implementing effective methods to ensure children’s rights are upheld. The phenomenon is approached from a perspective that considers gender inequality, power dynamics, and the influence of social and cultural elements that perpetuate violence against minors. These are further aggravated by a deficiency of information and the limited availability of protection and prevention mechanisms. One major obstacle in the effective detection and response to sexual abuse cases is revictimization. Inadequate judicial processes often expose victims to repeated trauma, intensifying their suffering. Therefore, the development of preventive and child protection programs is crucial—not only to ensure early identification of abuse, but also to provide victims with support that minimizes psychological harm. Additionally, it is essential that all school staff have access to accurate information and training, enabling a proper and sensitive response to such cases.
Sexual abuse within the school environment is a growing concern. This issue not only violates the standards connected to the protection of children in spaces where they should feel safe, but it also has significant psychosocial effects, directly impacting the child’s quality of life. For this cause, this study points to research the origins, causes, and psychosocial consequences experienced by victims, to lay the groundwork for potential solutions to address sexual abuse in Colombian schools. Essential strategies include promoting child protection, preventing abuse, and strengthening intervention protocols within educational institutions (King, 2011). This analysis also seeks to highlight the importance of implementing effective methods to ensure children’s rights are upheld. The phenomenon is approached from a perspective that considers gender inequality, power dynamics, and the influence of social and cultural elements that perpetuate violence against minors. These are further aggravated by a deficiency of information and the limited availability of protection and prevention mechanisms. One major obstacle in the effective detection and response to sexual abuse cases is revictimization. Inadequate judicial processes often expose victims to repeated trauma, intensifying their suffering. Therefore, the development of preventive and child protection programs is crucial—not only to ensure early identification of abuse, but also to provide victims with support that minimizes psychological harm. Additionally, it is essential that all school staff have access to accurate information and training, enabling a proper and sensitive response to such cases.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Abuso sexual, Intervención educativa, Prevención, Protección infantil, Revictimización
