Incidencia de las políticas públicas en la calidad de vida de las personas de la tercera edad en Colombia
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Cedas Sandoval, Luz Marina
Parra Gómez, Grace Kelly
Morantes Villamizar, Jackson Arley
Pérez Torrado, Greily Adrianis
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
El mejoramiento de los servicios de salud, los avances en medicina, han aumentado la
expectativa de vida de las personas, lo que implica que la cantidad de personas mayores va
en aumento, lo que representa un problema para los estados. Colombia, como Estado Social
de Derecho, busca dar atención a los adultos mayores, quedando esto consagrado en el
artículo 46 de la Constitución. Ahora bien, buscando reglamentar esta disposición se
promulgo el Decreto 681 que crea la política pública de atención a la tercera edad. En este
orden de ideas, el presente artículo se propuso como objetivo valorar si las políticas públicas
para la tercera edad han incidido la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores de Colombia. Para
lo que se planteó una metodología con enfoque cualitativo y diseño hermenéutico. El análisis
de la política pública muestra que esta tiene 6 ejes de acción, pudiéndose concluir que para
el 2018 sólo 14% de los adultos mayores tuvo acceso a la educación formal. Entre tanto,
porcentaje de adultos mayores que trabajan es del 10% del total, lo que es compatible con
que solamente el 20% de las personas mayores tienen una pensión. En cuanto al
acompañamiento de las personas de la tercera edad, esta es asumida en su mayoría por algún
familiar, mientras que el 4% viven solos. En lo que si se ha mejorado es en la cobertura en
salud, para el 2020 está alcanzó el100%. Lo dicho muestra que las políticas públicas no han
cumplido con su cometido.
The improvement of health services and advances in medicine have increased the life expectancy of people, which implies that the number of elderly people is increasing, which represents a problem for the states. Colombia, as a Social State of Law, seeks to provide care for the elderly, which is enshrined in Article 46 of the Constitution. Now, in order to regulate this provision, Decree 681 was enacted, which creates the public policy of care for the elderly. In this order of ideas, the objective of this article was to assess whether public policies for the elderly have had an impact on the quality of life of older adults in Colombia. For this purpose, a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic design were used. The analysis of the public policy shows that it has 6 axes of action, concluding that by 2018 only 14% of older adults had access to formal education. Meanwhile, the percentage of older adults who work is 10% of the total, which is compatible with the fact that only 20% of older adults have a pension. Most of the elderly are accompanied by a relative, while 4% live alone. What has improved is health coverage, which by 2020 had reached 100%. This shows that public policies have not fulfilled their purpose.
The improvement of health services and advances in medicine have increased the life expectancy of people, which implies that the number of elderly people is increasing, which represents a problem for the states. Colombia, as a Social State of Law, seeks to provide care for the elderly, which is enshrined in Article 46 of the Constitution. Now, in order to regulate this provision, Decree 681 was enacted, which creates the public policy of care for the elderly. In this order of ideas, the objective of this article was to assess whether public policies for the elderly have had an impact on the quality of life of older adults in Colombia. For this purpose, a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic design were used. The analysis of the public policy shows that it has 6 axes of action, concluding that by 2018 only 14% of older adults had access to formal education. Meanwhile, the percentage of older adults who work is 10% of the total, which is compatible with the fact that only 20% of older adults have a pension. Most of the elderly are accompanied by a relative, while 4% live alone. What has improved is health coverage, which by 2020 had reached 100%. This shows that public policies have not fulfilled their purpose.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Políticas públicas, Tercera edad, Adulto mayor - Calidad de vida, Public policies, Elderly, Quality of life
