Revisión sistemática sobre la violencia de género en mujeres colombianas: patrones, factores de riesgos y consecuencias
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Gómez López, Neila Yeritza
Díaz Arenas, José Miguel
Mogollón Hernández, Luz Karime
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La violencia de género es un problema global que afecta profundamente a las mujeres, reflejando desigualdades estructurales. En Colombia, entre el 63% y el 76% de las mujeres han sufrido algún tipo de violencia, incluyendo formas físicas, sexuales, psicológicas, patrimoniales y económicas. Factores como el machismo, la exposición a violencia en la infancia y el consumo de alcohol perpetúan esta problemática. A pesar de avances legales, la implementación de medidas sigue siendo insuficiente, exacerbando la gravedad del fenómeno, especialmente durante la pandemia, cuando se registró un aumento en los casos de violencia intrafamiliar y femicidios.
Este estudio cualitativo analizó la violencia de género en mujeres colombianas mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura entre 2020 y 2024, utilizando bases de datos como SCOPUS y PUBMED. Los resultados destacaron patrones alarmantes y riesgos significativos, afectando especialmente a mujeres jóvenes, indígenas, migrantes y desplazadas. Las consecuencias abarcan ansiedad, depresión, lesiones físicas, trastornos relacionados con el estrés
y aislamiento social, lo que limita el bienestar y la autonomía de las víctimas. El análisis subrayó la necesidad de enfoques integrales para abordar las raíces estructurales y culturales de la violencia. Esta investigación busca guiar políticas públicas, sensibilizar a la sociedad y contribuir al diseño de estrategias efectivas para prevenir la violencia, fomentar cambios culturales y promover la igualdad de género, en línea con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Además, ofrece una base para mejorar las intervenciones psicológicas y el apoyo a las víctimas en contextos vulnerables
Gender violence is a global problem that deeply affects women, reflecting structural inequalities. In Colombia, between 63% and 76% of women have suffered some form of violence, including physical, sexual, psychological, patrimonial and economic violence. Factors such as machismo, exposure to violence in childhood and alcohol consumption perpetuate this problem. Despite legal advances, the implementation of measures continues to be insufficient, exacerbating the seriousness of the phenomenon, especially during the pandemic, when there was an increase in cases of domestic violence and femicides. This qualitative study analyzed gender violence in Colombian women through a systematic literature review between 2020 and 2024, using databases such as SCOPUS and PUBMED. The results highlighted alarming patterns and significant risks, especially affecting young, indigenous, migrant and displaced women. Consequences include anxiety, depression, physical injury, stress-related disorders and social isolation, limiting the well-being and autonomy of victims. The analysis underscored the need for comprehensive approaches to address the structural and cultural roots of violence. This research seeks to guide public policies, raise awareness in society and contribute to the design of effective strategies to prevent violence, foster cultural changes and promote gender equality, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. It also provides a basis for improving psychological interventions and support for victims in vulnerable contexts.
Gender violence is a global problem that deeply affects women, reflecting structural inequalities. In Colombia, between 63% and 76% of women have suffered some form of violence, including physical, sexual, psychological, patrimonial and economic violence. Factors such as machismo, exposure to violence in childhood and alcohol consumption perpetuate this problem. Despite legal advances, the implementation of measures continues to be insufficient, exacerbating the seriousness of the phenomenon, especially during the pandemic, when there was an increase in cases of domestic violence and femicides. This qualitative study analyzed gender violence in Colombian women through a systematic literature review between 2020 and 2024, using databases such as SCOPUS and PUBMED. The results highlighted alarming patterns and significant risks, especially affecting young, indigenous, migrant and displaced women. Consequences include anxiety, depression, physical injury, stress-related disorders and social isolation, limiting the well-being and autonomy of victims. The analysis underscored the need for comprehensive approaches to address the structural and cultural roots of violence. This research seeks to guide public policies, raise awareness in society and contribute to the design of effective strategies to prevent violence, foster cultural changes and promote gender equality, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. It also provides a basis for improving psychological interventions and support for victims in vulnerable contexts.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Revisión sistemática, Protocolo PRISMA, Violencia de género, Factores de riesgo, Consecuencias psicosociales
