Aplicación de la normativa internacional sobre responsabilidad civil y ambiental en los accidentes marítimos en Colombia
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Arboleda Rodríguez, Jaffer Adrian
Arroyo Ibáñez, Vanessa Fernanda
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En este estudio se aborda de forma amplia y detallada la condición actual del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano relacionado con la protección ambiental marina y la responsabilidad civil producto de los accidentes marítimos que se han presentado, tomando como referencia el análisis del marco normativo interno, la ratificación de acuerdos internacionales y el nivel de aplicación practica en el país mediante una revisión documental y un análisis critico, se evidencia que Colombia, aunque ha manifestado disposición política al adherirse a convenios y tratados esenciales en materia marítima, todavía presenta una diferencia importante entre la ratificación de estosinstrumentos y su efectiva aplicación en el territorio nacional. En primer lugar, cabe resaltar que Colombia ha incorporado en su marco normativo distintos convenios impulsados por la Organización marítima internacional (OMI), principalmente en los que son orientados a la responsabilidad civil por contaminación, daños ambientales y seguridad marítima. Pese a lo señalado se evidencia que, aunque se adopten las normas no siempre cuenta con una reglamentación interna que sea lo suficiente clara, detallada y adatada a la realidad ecológica y geográfica del país.
This study provides a broad and detailed examination of the current state of the Colombian legal framework related to marine environmental protection and civil liability arising from maritime accidents. Based on an analysis of the national regulatory system, the ratification of international agreements, and the level of practical implementation in the country— supported by a documentary review and a critical analysis—it becomes evident that Colombia, despite demonstrating political willingness by adhering to essential maritime conventions and treaties, still shows a significant gap between the ratification of these instruments and their effective application at the national level.First, it is important to highlight that Colombia has incorporated into its legal system various conventions promoted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), mainly those related to civil liability for pollution, environmental damage, and maritime safety. However, despite the adoption of these instruments, it is evident that internal regulations are not always sufficiently clear, detailed, or adapted to the country's ecological and geographic realities. Consequently, the legal framework often remains a general and non-specific reference to international texts, without strengthening existing administrative mechanisms, agile management processes, or institutional strategies that would ensure effective implementation.
This study provides a broad and detailed examination of the current state of the Colombian legal framework related to marine environmental protection and civil liability arising from maritime accidents. Based on an analysis of the national regulatory system, the ratification of international agreements, and the level of practical implementation in the country— supported by a documentary review and a critical analysis—it becomes evident that Colombia, despite demonstrating political willingness by adhering to essential maritime conventions and treaties, still shows a significant gap between the ratification of these instruments and their effective application at the national level.First, it is important to highlight that Colombia has incorporated into its legal system various conventions promoted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), mainly those related to civil liability for pollution, environmental damage, and maritime safety. However, despite the adoption of these instruments, it is evident that internal regulations are not always sufficiently clear, detailed, or adapted to the country's ecological and geographic realities. Consequently, the legal framework often remains a general and non-specific reference to international texts, without strengthening existing administrative mechanisms, agile management processes, or institutional strategies that would ensure effective implementation.
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Responsabilidad civil marítima, Regulación marítima, Gestión ambiental, Protección ambiental marina, Normativa ambiental Colombiana, Accidentes marítimos
