Modelo multifactorial para la predicción del índice de líquido amniótico y su correlación con complicaciones maternas y fetales en mujeres embarazadas en Colombia
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Charanek Solano, Salua
Torres Guao, María
Pérez Tirado, Amiel
Parra Saavedra, Miguel
Díaz Pérez, Anderson
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Editor
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Academia Nacional de Medicina
Academia Nacional de Medicina
Resumen
Uno de los indicadores clave de la salud fetal es el
Índice de Líquido Amniótico (ILA), el cual desempeña
un papel vital en la protección y el desarrollo del feto,
y su evaluación precisa es esencial para identificar
posibles complicaciones durante el embarazo.
Objetivo: Desarrollar un modelo de predicción
multifactorial del ILA en gestantes colombianas.
Metodología: Estudio observacional retrospectivo con
un componente de modelado predictivo. Se analizaron
148 historias clínicas con datos del ILA en relación
con el peso fetal, problemas maternos y fetales a lo
largo del tiempo de gestación en semanas. Se aplicó
un análisis de correlación de Pearson para evaluar
las tendencias del ILA y un análisis de ANOVA para
comparar las medias del ILA en función de la presencia
de problemas maternos y fetales. Se llevó a cabo un
análisis de efectos de interacción para evaluar la
influencia conjunta de estos problemas en el ILA. Se
generó un mapa de calor para visualizar el impacto
de las variables predictoras para construir un modelo
de clasificación CART®.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el ILA alto,
moderado y bajo se ve influido significativamente por
las complicaciones maternas y fetales. Se encontraron
diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las
medias, indicando una relación entre los problemas
maternos y fetales con el ILA.
Conclusión: El modelo predictivo multifactorial
desarrollado en este estudio demostró una sólida
capacidad para predecir el Índice de Líquido Amniótico
(ILA) en gestantes colombianas como un estudio
preliminar.
One of the critical indicators of fetal health is the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), which plays a vital role in the protection and development of the fetus, and its accurate assessment is essential to identify possible complications during pregnancy. Aim: Develop a multifactorial prediction model of ALI in Colombian pregnant women. Methodology: Retrospective observational study with a predictive modeling component. One hundred fortyeight medical records were analyzed with ILA data in relation to fetal weight and maternal and fetal problems throughout the gestation period in weeks. A Pearson correlation analysis was applied to evaluate ILA trends, and an ANOVA analysis was used to compare ILA means based on maternal and fetal problems. An interaction effects analysis was conducted to assess the joint influence of these problems on ILA. A heat map was generated to visualize the impact of the predictor variables to build a CART® classification model. Results: The results showed that high, moderate, and low ILA are significantly influenced by maternal and fetal complications. Statistically significant differences were found in the means, indicating a relationship between maternal and fetal problems with ILA. Conclusion: The multifactorial predictive model developed in this study demonstrated a solid ability to predict the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) in Colombian pregnant women as a preliminary study.
One of the critical indicators of fetal health is the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), which plays a vital role in the protection and development of the fetus, and its accurate assessment is essential to identify possible complications during pregnancy. Aim: Develop a multifactorial prediction model of ALI in Colombian pregnant women. Methodology: Retrospective observational study with a predictive modeling component. One hundred fortyeight medical records were analyzed with ILA data in relation to fetal weight and maternal and fetal problems throughout the gestation period in weeks. A Pearson correlation analysis was applied to evaluate ILA trends, and an ANOVA analysis was used to compare ILA means based on maternal and fetal problems. An interaction effects analysis was conducted to assess the joint influence of these problems on ILA. A heat map was generated to visualize the impact of the predictor variables to build a CART® classification model. Results: The results showed that high, moderate, and low ILA are significantly influenced by maternal and fetal complications. Statistically significant differences were found in the means, indicating a relationship between maternal and fetal problems with ILA. Conclusion: The multifactorial predictive model developed in this study demonstrated a solid ability to predict the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) in Colombian pregnant women as a preliminary study.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Embarazo, Complicaciones, Índice de líquido amniótico, Modelo de predicción, Atención prenatal, Problemas maternos, Problemas fetales, Pregnancy, Complications, Amniotic fluid index, Prediction model, Prenatal care, Maternal problems, Fetal problems