Percepción de los estudiantes de Psicología de la Universidad Simón Bolívar acerca de los efectos del bullying en los adolescentes
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Fernández Rivera, Saray Lisseth
Lozano Tapias, Silvana
Mercado Díaz, Angélica Patricia
Pérez Estrada, Giselle Caroline
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La investigación tuvo como propósito comprender la percepción que tenían los estudiantes de Psicología de la Universidad Simón Bolívar sobre los efectos del bullying en los adolescentes. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con un paradigma hermenéutico-interpretativo y un diseño fenomenológico. Se utilizó una guía de entrevista aplicada a estudiantes de séptimo semestre de Psicología, próximos a iniciar sus prácticas clínicas profesionales, con una edad promedio de 20 años. La muestra estuvo conformada por 20 estudiantes, de los cuales 12 eran mujeres y 8 hombres. Para la sistematización de la información se empleó la codificación selectiva, mientras que para el análisis de los datos obtenidos se utilizó la técnica de análisis temático. A partir de este análisis, los participantes identificaron múltiples factores causales del bullying, clasificados en cuatro categorías principales: factores individuales, como la baja autoestima, la inseguridad y las dificultades en el desarrollo emocional; factores familiares, donde se incluyeron los estilos de crianza disfuncionales y la violencia intrafamiliar; factores escolares, entre los que se destacaron la falta de supervisión, la debilidad en los mecanismos disciplinarios y la ausencia de políticas inclusivas; y factores diferenciales, relacionados con las diferencias socioeconómicas, físicas y culturales.
The purpose of the research was to understand the perception of psychology students at Universidad Simón Bolívar about the effects of bullying on adolescents. The present work was developed under a qualitative approach, with a hermeneuticinterpretative paradigm and a phenomenological design, using an interview guide applied to seventh semester psychology students, about to begin their professional clinical practice, with an average age of 20 years. The sample consisted of 20 students, of which 12 were women and 8 were men. Selective coding was used as a method of systematization, and the thematic analysis was used as a technique for data analysis of the applied instrument. From this analysis, participants identified multiple causal factors of bullying, classified into four main categories consisting of individual factors such as low selfesteem, insecurity and difficulties in emotional development, family factors including dysfunctional parenting styles and domestic violence, as well as school factors, including lack of supervision, weak disciplinary mechanisms and lack of inclusive policies, and finally, differential factors such as socioeconomic, physical and cultural differences.
The purpose of the research was to understand the perception of psychology students at Universidad Simón Bolívar about the effects of bullying on adolescents. The present work was developed under a qualitative approach, with a hermeneuticinterpretative paradigm and a phenomenological design, using an interview guide applied to seventh semester psychology students, about to begin their professional clinical practice, with an average age of 20 years. The sample consisted of 20 students, of which 12 were women and 8 were men. Selective coding was used as a method of systematization, and the thematic analysis was used as a technique for data analysis of the applied instrument. From this analysis, participants identified multiple causal factors of bullying, classified into four main categories consisting of individual factors such as low selfesteem, insecurity and difficulties in emotional development, family factors including dysfunctional parenting styles and domestic violence, as well as school factors, including lack of supervision, weak disciplinary mechanisms and lack of inclusive policies, and finally, differential factors such as socioeconomic, physical and cultural differences.
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Palabras clave
Bullying, Efectos psicológicos, Percepción, Estudiante universitario, Formación profesional
