Apoyo social percibido, resiliencia y funcionamiento familiar en estudiantes universitarios durante confinamiento obligatorio por la covid-19 en Barranquilla
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Velásquez Montero, Whetney
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue analizar la relación existente entre la resiliencia, el apoyo social percibido y el funcionamiento familiar con respecto a la información sociodemográfica de estudiantes universitarios de semestres 1°, 2° y 3° de la Universidad Simón Bolívar en la ciudad de Barranquilla, durante el confinamiento domiciliario obligatorio por la Covid-19. Lo anterior, se logró a través de la descripción e identificación de los niveles de resiliencia, apoyo social percibido y funcionamiento familiar en la población objeto de estudio, así como la caracterización de la misma y la determinación de la relación entre unas y otras variables. Igualmente, la metodología de estudio tuvo un paradigma empírico-analítico ya que se procuró la demostración de hechos científicos comprobables, con enfoque cuantitativo, con técnica de análisis de datos de correspondencias múltiples y de corte transaccional, pues fueron datos recolectados en el año 2020. Asimismo, el alcance de la investigación fue de tipo correlacional entre las variables de estudio, los datos socio-demográficos y la información de confinamiento domiciliario obligatorio. Finalmente, como resultado se obtuvo que existe una correlación positiva y directa entre las variables de apoyo social percibido, nivel de resiliencia y funcionamiento familiar. Asimismo, se identificaron nuevas asociaciones entre las variables estudiadas como que las estudiantes mujeres, entre 18 y 19 años que se encuentran cursando el primer semestre en la Universidad Simón Bolívar tienen un nivel medio de resiliencia (asociación variable sociodemográfica – resiliencia); por otro lado, se identificó que las familias separadas están asociadas al primer estrato socioeconómico o también que tanto los estudiantes hombres como mujeres indicaron tener familias separadas y los miembros de las familias aglutinadas normalmente salían del aislamiento siempre que tenían pico y cédula (asociación variables sociodemográfica – funcionamiento familiar – resiliencia); otra de las asociaciones que corroboró el análisis de correspondencias múltiples fue que entre las variables de apoyo social percibido y funcionamiento familiar, se evidencia una tendencia en la misma línea de comportamiento que muestra una correlación directa en la asociación y el comportamiento entre algunas de sus dimensiones, tales como el tipo de familia desligada (cohesión), la cual tiene cierta cercanía con el nivel medio del apoyo social percibido de otros miembros importantes. En conclusión, los hallazgos de esta investigación muestran que la población de estudio desarrolló un nivel de resiliencia y de percepción de apoyo social medio durante el confinamiento domiciliario obligatorio a causa del nuevo Coronavirus SARS CoV2. Además, hubo una prevalencia de las actitudes positivas sobre las negativas durante la situación de aislamiento; finalmente todas las variables de la investigación están relacionadas con el apoyo social percibido.
The main objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between resilience, perceived social support and family functioning with respect to the sociodemographic information of university students of semesters 1, 2 and 3 of the Simón Bolívar University in the city of Barranquilla, during the mandatory home confinement by Covid-19. The foregoing was achieved through the description and identification of the levels of resilience, perceived social support and family functioning in the population under study, as well as its characterization and the determination of the relationship between one and the other variables. Likewise, the study methodology had an empirical-analytical paradigm since the demonstration of verifiable scientific facts was sought, with a quantitative approach, with a multiple correspondence and transactional data analysis technique, since they were data collected in the year 2020. Likewise, the scope of the research was of a correlational type between the study variables, the socio-demographic data and the information on mandatory home confinement. Finally, as a result, it was obtained that there is a positive and direct correlation between the variables of perceived social support, level of resilience and family functioning. Likewise, new associations were identified between the variables studied, such as the fact that female students, between 18 and 19 years old who are studying the first semester at the Simón Bolívar University, have a medium level of resilience (sociodemographic variable association - resilience); on the other hand, it was identified that separated families are associated with the first socioeconomic stratum or also that both male and female students indicated having separated families and members of agglutinated families who they had followed the local lockdown rules/restrictions in Colombia known as ‘Pico y Cedula’ (Association of sociodemographic variables – family functioning – resilience). Likewise, another of the associations that corroborated the multiple correspondence analysis was that between the variables of perceived social support and family functioning, there is evidence of a trend in the same line of behavior that shows a direct correlation in the association and the behavior between some of its variables dimensions, such as the type of detached family (cohesion), which is somewhat close to the average level of perceived social support from other important members. In conclusion, the findings of this research show that the study population developed a medium level of resilience and perception of social support during mandatory home confinement due to the new SARS CoV2 Coronavirus. In addition, there was a prevalence of positive attitudes over negative ones during the isolation situation. Finally, all the variables of the research are related to perceived social support.
The main objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between resilience, perceived social support and family functioning with respect to the sociodemographic information of university students of semesters 1, 2 and 3 of the Simón Bolívar University in the city of Barranquilla, during the mandatory home confinement by Covid-19. The foregoing was achieved through the description and identification of the levels of resilience, perceived social support and family functioning in the population under study, as well as its characterization and the determination of the relationship between one and the other variables. Likewise, the study methodology had an empirical-analytical paradigm since the demonstration of verifiable scientific facts was sought, with a quantitative approach, with a multiple correspondence and transactional data analysis technique, since they were data collected in the year 2020. Likewise, the scope of the research was of a correlational type between the study variables, the socio-demographic data and the information on mandatory home confinement. Finally, as a result, it was obtained that there is a positive and direct correlation between the variables of perceived social support, level of resilience and family functioning. Likewise, new associations were identified between the variables studied, such as the fact that female students, between 18 and 19 years old who are studying the first semester at the Simón Bolívar University, have a medium level of resilience (sociodemographic variable association - resilience); on the other hand, it was identified that separated families are associated with the first socioeconomic stratum or also that both male and female students indicated having separated families and members of agglutinated families who they had followed the local lockdown rules/restrictions in Colombia known as ‘Pico y Cedula’ (Association of sociodemographic variables – family functioning – resilience). Likewise, another of the associations that corroborated the multiple correspondence analysis was that between the variables of perceived social support and family functioning, there is evidence of a trend in the same line of behavior that shows a direct correlation in the association and the behavior between some of its variables dimensions, such as the type of detached family (cohesion), which is somewhat close to the average level of perceived social support from other important members. In conclusion, the findings of this research show that the study population developed a medium level of resilience and perception of social support during mandatory home confinement due to the new SARS CoV2 Coronavirus. In addition, there was a prevalence of positive attitudes over negative ones during the isolation situation. Finally, all the variables of the research are related to perceived social support.
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Palabras clave
Apoyo social percibido, Resiliencia, Funcionamiento familiar, Covid-19, Estudiantes universitarios, Resilience, Family functioning, University students