Agentes bacterianos y perfil de susceptibilidad aislados en niños hospitalizados con infecciones de vías urinarias
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Fecha
2020-12
Autores
Escobar Martínez, Andrés Guillermo
Garnica Mora, Valeria
Rua De La Rosa, Stefany Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
La infección de vías urinarias (IVU) es de las enfermedades infecciosas más prevalentes en el mundo. En Colombia la prevalencia es del 31%, siendo los agentes etiológicos principales Escherichia coli (69%), Enterococcus spp (11%) y Klebsiella spp (8%). Se define como la presencia de bacteriuria significativa con más de 100.000 UFC/ml, sintomática o no. Con la alta prevalencia, amplio espectro de uropatógenos y diversidad de perfiles de resistencia antibiótica es necesario hacer investigaciones para orientar las acciones en salud y vigilancia epidemiológica. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de infecciones urinarias en niños hospitalizados. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal de corte prospectivo en pacientes menores de 18 años hospitalizados con diagnóstico de infección de vías urinarias en una IPS de la ciudad de Barranquilla en el periodo de tiempo entre enero de 2018 y octubre de 2019. Resultados: Se evaluaron 209 registros clínicos, con un promedio de edad de 3,82 años. La IVU fue más frecuente en el género femenino presentándose en un 64,4% del total de casos, la edad predominante fueron los pacientes de 2 años constituyendo el 31,6%. El agente aislado con mayor frecuencia fue la Escherichia coli en el 79,9%, el cual presentó resistencia a Sulbactam ampicillin, Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim y Cefazoline. Resultados similares entre susceptibilidad y resistencia con la gentamicina Conclusión: De acuerdo con los datos encontrados, se concluye que Eschericia coli fue el microorganismo más común aislado en el grupo de estudio, con una susceptibilidad de 92,2% a Ceftazidime, y resistencia de 71,6% a Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. In Colombia the prevalence is 31%, the main etiological agents being Escherichia coli (69%), Enterococcus spp (11%) and Klebsiella spp (8%). Is defined as the presence of significant bacteriuria with more than 100,000 CFU's/ml that can be symptomatic or not. With the high prevalence, wide spectrum of uropathogens and diversity of profiles of antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to make investigations to guide the actions in health and epidemiological surveillance. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of urinary infections in hospitalized children. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in patients under 18 years of age who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection in an IPS in the city of Barranquilla during the period of time between January 2018 and October 2019. Results: 209 clinical records were evaluated, with an average age of 3.82 years. UTI was more frequent in the female gender presenting in 64.4% of the total cases, the predominant age was 2 years old patients constituting 31.6%. The most frequent agent isolated was Escherichia Coli in 79.9%, which presented resistance to Sulbactam ampicillin, Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim and cefazolin. Similar results between susceptibility and resistance with gentamicin. Conclusion: According to the data found, it is concluded that Eschericia coli was the most common microorganism isolated in the study group, with a susceptibility of 92.2% to Ceftazidime, and resistance of 71.6% to Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. In Colombia the prevalence is 31%, the main etiological agents being Escherichia coli (69%), Enterococcus spp (11%) and Klebsiella spp (8%). Is defined as the presence of significant bacteriuria with more than 100,000 CFU's/ml that can be symptomatic or not. With the high prevalence, wide spectrum of uropathogens and diversity of profiles of antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to make investigations to guide the actions in health and epidemiological surveillance. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of urinary infections in hospitalized children. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in patients under 18 years of age who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection in an IPS in the city of Barranquilla during the period of time between January 2018 and October 2019. Results: 209 clinical records were evaluated, with an average age of 3.82 years. UTI was more frequent in the female gender presenting in 64.4% of the total cases, the predominant age was 2 years old patients constituting 31.6%. The most frequent agent isolated was Escherichia Coli in 79.9%, which presented resistance to Sulbactam ampicillin, Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim and cefazolin. Similar results between susceptibility and resistance with gentamicin. Conclusion: According to the data found, it is concluded that Eschericia coli was the most common microorganism isolated in the study group, with a susceptibility of 92.2% to Ceftazidime, and resistance of 71.6% to Sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim.
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Palabras clave
Infección, Vías urinarias, Infecciones de vías urinarias, Microorganismos, Sensibilidad, Resistencia, Medicamentos, Infection, Urinary tract, Urinary tract infections, Microorganisms, Sensitivity, Resistance, Drugs