Gestión de inventarios: problemas comunes y posibles soluciones
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Garcés Pérez, Angie Chavely
Barrios Ávila, Aldain
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Según cifras del DANE 2019, el desarrollo de las Pymes en Colombia representa más de 90% del sector productivo y generan el 35% del PIB y el 80% del empleo de toda Colombia. Por ende el enfoque de este ensayo fue analizar la gestión de almacenes y de inventario, desarrollando un análisis bibliográfico y documental en el cual se logra plasmar toda la argumentación teórica de diferentes autores, considerando importante iniciar con conceptos básicos sobre la gestión de Inventario, cadena de suministro, gestión de almacén y la relación entre ellos, como segundo punto se esboza la clasificación de inventarios que son utilizados a lo largo de los procesos dentro de las Pymes. Seguidamente se hará relación a los problemas más representativos que restan productividad y efectividad tanto en la parte productiva y financiera. Analizando sus causas y consecuencias, para así tener un contexto global de posibles soluciones a esta problemática. Investigando sobre metologías y herramientas destinadas en la Gestión y Optimización, con el objetivo de brindar ayuda a las pequeñas y mediana empresas que por hoy no contar con un sistema de inventarios óptimos presentan diferencias en los mismos. Y el reflejo se ve en cuando en los PyG (Perdidas y Ganancias) de las compañías donde la gestión de inventarios ocupa un lugar.
According to figures from DANE 2019, the development of SMEs in Colombia represents more than 90% of the productive sector and generates 35% of GDP and 80% of employment in all of Colombia. Therefore, the focus of this essay was to analyze the management of warehouses and inventory, developing a bibliographic and documentary analysis in which it is possible to capture all the theoretical arguments of different authors, considering it important to start with basic concepts on inventory management, chain of supply, warehouse management and the relationship between them, as a second point the classification of inventories that are used throughout the processes within the SMEs is outlined. Next, a list will be made of the most representative problems that reduce productivity and effectiveness both in the productive and financial part. Analyzing its causes and consequences, in order to have a global context of possible solutions to this problem. Researching on methodologies and tools for Management and Optimization, with the aim of providing help to small and medium-sized companies that currently do not have an optimal inventory system, present differences in them. And the reflection is seen from time to time in the P&L (Profit and Loss) of companies where inventory management occupies a place.
According to figures from DANE 2019, the development of SMEs in Colombia represents more than 90% of the productive sector and generates 35% of GDP and 80% of employment in all of Colombia. Therefore, the focus of this essay was to analyze the management of warehouses and inventory, developing a bibliographic and documentary analysis in which it is possible to capture all the theoretical arguments of different authors, considering it important to start with basic concepts on inventory management, chain of supply, warehouse management and the relationship between them, as a second point the classification of inventories that are used throughout the processes within the SMEs is outlined. Next, a list will be made of the most representative problems that reduce productivity and effectiveness both in the productive and financial part. Analyzing its causes and consequences, in order to have a global context of possible solutions to this problem. Researching on methodologies and tools for Management and Optimization, with the aim of providing help to small and medium-sized companies that currently do not have an optimal inventory system, present differences in them. And the reflection is seen from time to time in the P&L (Profit and Loss) of companies where inventory management occupies a place.
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Palabras clave
Pymes, Inventario, Cadena de suministro, Logística, Small and medium enterprises, Inventory, Warehouse Management