Repositorio :: Examinando por Autor "Bermudez, Valmore"

Examinando por Autor "Bermudez, Valmore"

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Age-specific waist circumference cutoff-points for abdominal obesity diagnosis: a personalized strategy for a large Venezuelan population
(Springer, 2021) Bermudez, Valmore; Salazar, Juan; Martínez, María Sofía; Olivar, Luis Carlos; Nava, Manuel; Rojas, Milagros; Ortega, Ángel; Añez, Roberto; Toledo, Alexandra; Rojas, Joselyn; Chacín, Maricarmen; Rodríguez, Johel E.; D'Marco, Luis; Cano, Clímaco
Background Evidence shows that the ageing process is a determining factor in fat distribution, composition, and functionality. The goal of this research was to determine cut-off points for waist circumference according to age in the adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methodology The Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with multi-stage randomized sampling. In this post-hoc analysis 1902 individuals ≥18 years and from both sexes were evaluated. Waist circumference ROC curves were built for each age group and sex, using metabolic phenotypes for classification. Results 52.2% (n = 992) were women, and the mean age was 38.7 ± 2. Cut-off points obtained for the <30 years age group were: 91 cm for women (Sensitivity: 96,8%, Specificity: 97,7%) and 94 cm for men (Sensitivity:100%, Specificity: 99,2%); for 30–49 years: women 94 cm (Sensitivity: 93.7%, Specificity: 97.1%) and men 95 cm (Sensitivity: 97.3%, Specificity: 100%); for ≥50 years: women 94 cm (Sensitivity: 91.8%, Specificity: 86.7%) and men 101 cm (Sensitivity: 100%, Specificity: 100%) Conclusion The use of specific cut-off points according to age groups is proposed to determine abdominal obesity in Maracaibo city due to the underestimation seen in young people and the overestimation observed in older people when using a unique cut-off point.
Association between +45T>G adiponectin polymorphism gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in a Venezuelan population [version 1; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
(F1000 Research Ltda, 2019) Sánchez, María Patricia; Prieto, Carem; Mujica, Endrina; Vergara, Kendry; Valencia, Enifer; Villalobos, Eudymar; Medina, Mayerlim; Parra, Michael; D'Addosio, Rosanna; Hoedebecke, Kyle; Rodríguez, Johel E.; Bermudez, Valmore
Background: Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is a hormone primarily synthesized by adipocytes and encoded by the ADIPOQ gene, which exerts anti-inflammatory, antiatheratogenic and insulin sensitizing functions. It has been shown that its plasma concentrations are decreased in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which could be due to variations in the gene coding for this protein. The aim of this study was to detect the +45 T>G polymorphism of the ADIPOQ gene in subjects with DM2 and MS in Maracaibo municipality, Zulia state, Venezuela. Methods: A total of 90 subjects who attended the Center for Metabolic Endocrine Research "Dr. Félix Gómez" were enrolled for this study, 46 of which had MS-DM2 and 44 of which were healthy control individuals. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was carried out for the promoter region of the ADIPOQ gene. Likewise, the +45 T> G polymorphism was identified and correlated with MS and DM2 in the studied population. Results: The most frequent allele in both groups was the T allele, and the predominant genotype was homozygous T/T (79%). Genotypes with heterozygous T/G and G/G homozygous polymorphism were more frequent in the control group than in the MS-DM2 group. Regarding the individuals with T/G and G/G genotypes, statistically significant lower mean values were found for fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, abdominal circumference, and for the medians of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Odds ratio were calculated for the presence or absence of MS and DM2. Conclusions: The results suggested that the presence of the G allele exerts a protective effect on the carrier individuals, thus avoiding the appearance of the aforementioned metabolic alterations.
Attitudes of Medical Students Towards Psychiatry in Venezuela: a 6-Year Longitudinal Study
(Springer, 2021) Medina-Ortiz, Oscar; Pulido, Luis; Sanchez-Mora, Nora; Bermudez, Valmore; Pailhez, Guillem
Objective The authors evaluated changes in attitude towards psychiatry of medical students in one medical school in Venezuela. Methods Balon’s modified questionnaire was administered to first and sixth-year medical students to analyze their attitude towards psychiatry. The answers were compared with McNemar’s test. Results The students’ negative perception of psychiatry increased by the end of medical school with 45% of sixth-year students reportedly feeling uncomfortable when working with patients with psychiatric illness compared to only 8.3% of first-year medical students. Interest in specializing in psychiatry decreased from 2.6% in first-year medical students to 0% in sixth-year medical students (p=0.001). Conclusion Different factors may lead to the loss of interest in psychiatry of medical students in Venezuela, such as little time spent with patients, being in contact only with patients with psychosis, stigma about psychiatry among medical doctors and friends, feeling more comfortable with other specialties, and other specialties having a higher perceived status and being better paid.
Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review]
(is published by F1000 Research Ltd, 2018-02) Bermudez, Valmore; Rojas, Joselyn; Salazar, Juan; Martinez, Maria Sofia; Olivar, Luis; Calvo, Maria Jose; Mindiola, Andres; Añez, Roberto; Wilches-Duran, Sandra; Cerda, Marcos; Graterol, Modesto; Graterol, Rosemily; Hernandez, Juan Diego; Garicano, Carlos; Velasco, Manuel
Background: In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed. Results: In the studied population, 5.2% (n=64) corresponded to unhealthy lean subjects, and 17.4% (n=217) to healthy obese subjects. Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUNW) phenotype was found in males in 53.3% in contrast to 51.3% of metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotype found in females. An association between metabolically unhealthy phenotypes and a higher risk of a coronary event was found, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01). Conclusion: Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes exist in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose levels, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, cardiovascular risk exhibited by healthy obese individuals should be classified in categories of major coronary risk related to lean subjects.
Car T Cells in Solid Tumors: Overcoming Obstacles
(MDPI, 2024) Rojas-Quintero, Joselyn Joanna; Diaz, Maria del Pilar; Palmar, Jim ; Galan, Nataly; Morillo, Valery; Escalona, Daniel; González-Torres, Henry Joseth; Torres, Wheeler; Navarro Quiroz, Elkin; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Bermudez, Valmore
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) therapy has emerged as a prominent adoptive cell therapy and a therapeutic approach of great interest in the fight against cancer. This approach has shown notorious efficacy in refractory hematological neoplasm, which has bolstered its exploration in the field of solid cancers. However, successfully managing solid tumors presents considerable intrinsic challenges, which include the necessity of guiding the modified cells toward the tumoral region, assuring their penetration and survival in adverse microenvironments, and addressing the complexity of identifying the specific antigens for each type of cancer. This review focuses on outlining the challenges faced by CAR T cell therapy when used in the treatment of solid tumors, as well as presenting optimizations and emergent approaches directed at improving its efficacy in this particular context. From precise localization to the modulation of the tumoral microenvironment and the adaptation of antigen recognition strategies, diverse pathways will be examined to overcome the current limitations and buttress the therapeutic potential of CAR T cells in the fight against solid tumors.
Categorización de los hábitos desde un modelo dual: Contribuciones a la salud cardiovascular
(Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela, 2022) Riaño-Garzón, Manuel; Bermudez, Valmore; Escudero-Cabarcas, Johana; Ortiz, Rina
La enfermedad cardiovascular es la principal causa de muerte en el mundo, siendo una condición médica que se puede prevenir desde la modificación del estilo de vida y los hábitos. El concepto de “hábito” se refiere genéricamente a los comportamientos repetitivos que configuran una forma de ser, modificable voluntariamente y cuyo aprendizaje puede favorecer el incremento de beneficios para la salud física y mental. Al hacer una revisión minuciosa de dicho concepto, se destacan definiciones desde la medicina y la psicología referidas a la promoción de la salud física y mental; sin embargo, no se reporta una taxonomía específica desde un consenso interdisciplinario, por lo cual, la presente revisión narrativa busca categorizar los hábitos, identificando sus componentes y su relación con la salud cardiovascular. Como resultado, se formula un modelo dual que integra los hábitos de autocuidado-heterocuidado y los hábitos de estimulación-disfrute. A partir de dicho modelo, se analiza literatura científica en las bases de datos Science Direct, National Center for Biotechnology Information y APA Psycnet concluyendo una asociación entre los hábitos y la salud cardiovascular, siendo especialmente saludables los comportamientos habituales de autocuidado como el sueño/descanso, organización, ingesta y consumo desprovistos de excesos; mientras que desde los hábitos de estimulación-disfrute, se reportaron beneficios de la actividad física, expresión artística, introspección/autorreflexión e información/educación. La taxonomía propuesta puede ser el punto de partida de futuras investigaciones que analicen el rol particular de cada uno de los hábitos en beneficio de la salud física y mental.
Cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome components: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo City, Venezuela [version 1; referees: 1 approved with reservations]
(F1000 Research Ltda, 2018-05-22) Bermudez, Valmore; Olivar, Luis Carlos; Torres, Wheeler; Navarro, Carla; Gonzalez, Robys; Morocho, Alicia; Mindiola, Andres; Chacin, Maricarmen; Arias, Victor; Añez, Roberto; Salazar, Juan; Riaño Garzon, Manuel; Diaz Camargo, Edgar; Judith Bautista, Maria; Rojas, Joselyn
Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that cigarette smoking can cause the onset of metabolic syndrome prior to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit and metabolic syndrome components in an adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methods: The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. In this sub-study, 2212 adults from both genders were selected. On the basis of their medical background, they were classified as smokers, non-smokers and former smokers. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Harmonizing 2009 criteria, using population-specific abdominal circumference cut-off points. The association between risk factors was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results: In the studied population, 14.8% were smokers, 15.4% were former smokers. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of metabolic syndrome (smokers: OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.14; p=0.010) and its components were related to cigarette smoking, with the exception of hyperglycemia. High blood pressure was inversely associated with current smoking status (smokers: OR, 0.70 (0.51–0.95); p=0.025).
Comparación de índices antropométricos para agregación de múltiples factores de riesgo en adultos de Cuenca, Ecuador
(Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2018) Torres, Maritza; Ortiz, Rina; Sigüencia, Wilson; Ordoñez, Maria; Alcántara, Víctor; Salazar, Juan; Añez, Roberto; Rojas, Joselyn; Bermudez, Valmore
Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la capacidad predictiva de diferentes índices antropométricos en la determinación de la agregación de múltiples factores de riesgo (AMFR) en la población adulta de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con un muestreo aleatorio multietápico en 318 sujetos adultos a quienes se les realizó una evaluación clínica, antropométrica y de laboratorio; siendo la circunferencia abdominal, índice de masa corporal (IMC) e índice cintura altura (ICA) los índices evaluados. La AMFR se definió como la presencia de ≥ dos componentes del síndrome metabólico (excluyendo circunferencia abdominal). Se realizaron curvas COR para determinar el área bajo la curva (ABC) para cada índice. Resultados. De los 318 individuos, un 54,1% (n=172) presentaron AMFR. Según los resultados obtenidos por curvas COR, la mayor capacidad predictiva en mujeres se observó con el IMC y el ICA (ABC: 0,751 y 0,750, respectivamente) mientras que en hombres la circunferencia abdominal y el ICA mostraron una capacidad predictiva similar (ABC=0,762). El análisis multivariante ajustado por sexo y edad mostró que el ICA elevado (OR: 2,53; IC95%: 1,12-5,71; p=0,026) fue el mejor predictor de AMFR, seguido por el IMC (OR: 2,15; IC95%: 1,19-3,88; p=0,010). Conclusiones. La capacidad predictiva de los índices antropométricos está influenciada por el sexo, no obstante, el ICA es el mejor predictor de la AMFR en la población de Cuenca.
COVID-19: Unveiling the Neuropsychiatric Maze -- From Acute to Long-Term Manifestations
(MDPI, 2024) Ariza Ezpinoza, Daniela Del Carmen ; Castellar Visbal, Lily; Marquina Stagg, Maria Angelica; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Galban, Nestor; Santeliz , Raquel ; Gutiérrez-Rey, Melissa; Parra, Heliana; Vargas-Manotas, José; Torres, Wheeler; Quintana Espinosa, Laura Lucia; Manzano, Alexander; Cudris-Torres, Lorena; Bermudez, Valmore
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly despite implementing strategies to reduce its transmission. The disease caused by this virus has been associated with a diverse range of symptoms, including common neurological manifestations such as dysgeusia, anosmia, and myalgias. Additionally, numerous cases of severe neurological complications associated with this disease have been reported, including encephalitis, stroke, seizures, and Guillain–Barré syndrome, among others. Given the high prevalence of neurological manifestations in this disease, the objective of this review is to analyze the mechanisms by which this virus can affect the nervous system, from its direct invasion to aberrant activation of the immune system and other mechanisms involved in the symptoms, including neuropsychiatric manifestations, to gain a better understanding of the disease and thus facilitate the search for effective therapeutic strategies.
Data Mining and Endocrine Diseases: A New Way to Classify?
(Elsevier, 2018-04) Salazar, Juan; Espinoza, Cristobal; Mindiola, Andres; Bermudez, Valmore
Data mining consists of using large database analysis to detect patterns, relationships and models in order to describe (or even predict) the appearance of a future event; to accomplish this, it uses classification methods, rules of association, regression patterns, link and cluster analyses. Recently this approach has been used to propose a new diabetes mellitus classification, using information analysis techniques through which the selection bias minimally influences categorization, this new focus that includes data mining previously implemented to predict, identify biomarkers, complications, therapies, health policies, genetic and environmental effects of this disease; it could be generalized in the field of endocrinology, in the classification of other endocrine diseases.
Epidemiological behavior of childhood obesity: A continental point of view
(F1000 Research Ltd, 2024) Chacín, Maricarmen; Carrillo-Sierra, Sandra-Milena; Duran, Pablo ; Garrido, Bermany; Carrasquero, Ruben; Nava, Manuel; Salazar-Torres, Juan-Pablo; Angarita, Lisse; Anderson, Hazel; Garcia-Pacheco, Henry; Checa-Ros, Ana; D'MARCO, LUIS; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Bermudez, Valmore
Weight excess during the childhood has been one of the most critical public health problems worldwide in the past few decades. It is considered a significant predictor of adulthood obesity, increased cardiometabolic diseases, and premature mortality. Since the Industrial Revolution, childhood obesity has risen due to sedentary lifestyles and poor eating habits, contributing to the development of obesogenic environments around children in different parts of the world. In this regard, Oceania is positioned as the continent with the highest prevalence globally; however, these results did not consider Australia and New Zealand’s data, probably due to the significant differences in population sizes. America has the second highest percentage of children under five who are overweight. Curiously, Asia’s obesity rates are more significant in higher socioeconomic statuses and urban areas than in children aged 2-4 years. Likewise, Africa displays similar epidemiologic behaviour. Qatar and Kuwait are the countries with the highest obesity prevalence on the continent. Moreover, Europe exhibits a notable South-North gradient, which establishes a higher prevalence of obesity in Mediterranean countries than the Nordic ones. In this regard, various prevention and interventional programs have been developed to combat this silent epidemic, focusing their efforts on nutritional education, improving children’s and parents’ lifestyles, and fighting the influence of the media on their behaviour, and decisions. Therefore, the objective of this review was to describe the epidemiological behaviour of childhood obesity from a continental perspective.
Estigma percibido y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia en La Guajira
(Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar, 2023) Bravo Guzmán, Diana Judith; Zambrano León, José Antonio; García Puello, Floralinda; Bermudez, Valmore
Debido a la complejidad y curso crónico de la epilepsia, las personas con esta enfermedad se enfrentan a varios factores de carga social y psicológica que pueden ser generados por el estigma percibido, impactando en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud mediante la discriminación y la autopercepción negativa. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el estigma percibido y el compromiso de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia en el departamento de la Guajira. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo transversal con fase analítica correlacional, constituido por 135 pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia de la Fundación Vida Con Amor IPS, en La Guajira Colombia. Resultados: El 50.4% fueron hombres; media de edad de 43 años y media de presentación de crisis epilépticas 24,8 años (DE:18,8), 59% presentaron estigma leve- moderado (p=0.8), 53% regular calidad de vida, relación 1:1 con el sexo (p=0.8). Existe correlación moderada entre el compromiso de la calidad de vida y el estigma percibido por la población de estudio (p<0,000). Conclusiones: Gran parte de la población se siente estigmatizada y más de la mitad tiene algún grado de compromiso en su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, las variables clínicas que presentaron relación con dicha variable fueron: privación de sueño, cambios en la temperatura, etiología de la epilepsia y número de fármacos anticrisis, las situaciones estresantes fue la única que se relacionó con la calidad de vida y el estigma percibido.
Metabolic Adverse Effects of Psychotropic Drug Therapy: A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2023) Sepúlveda-Lizcano, Lizeth; Arenas-Villamizar, Vivian Vanessa; Jaimes Duarte, Enna Beatriz; Garcia-Pacheco, Henry; Silva Paredes, Carlos; Bermudez, Valmore; Rivera-Porras, Diego
This review aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with psychopharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, which can significantly impact patients’ physical health and overall quality of life. The study utilized the PRISMA methodology and included cross-sectional, retrospective studies, and randomized clinical trials from reputable databases like SCOPUS, CLARIVATE, SCIENCE DIRECT, and PUBMED. Out of the 64 selected studies, various psychotropic drug classes were analyzed, including antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics. Among the antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, Imipramine, and clomipramine, weight gain, constipation, and cardiovascular effects were the most commonly reported metabolic adverse effects. SSRI antidepressants like Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, and Paroxetine exhibited a high prevalence of gastrointestinal and cardiac alterations. Regarding anticonvulsants, valproic acid and Fosphenytoin were associated with adverse reactions such as weight gain and disturbances in appetite and sleep patterns. As for antipsychotics, drugs like Clozapine, Olanzapine, and Risperidone were linked to weight gain, diabetes, and deterioration of the lipid profile. The findings of this review emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring for adverse effects, particularly considering that the metabolic changes caused by psychopharmacological medications may vary depending on the age of the patients. Future research should focus on conducting field studies to further expand knowledge on the metabolic effects of other commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs. Overall, the study highlights the significance of understanding and managing metabolic alterations induced by psychopharmacological treatment to enhance patient care and well-being.
Neurofeedback effects on cognitive performance in children with attention deficit
(Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica, 2018) Riaño-Garzón, Manuel E.; Díaz-Camargo, Edgar Alexis; Torrado-Rodríguez, Javier Leonardo; Uribe-Alvarado, J. Isaac; Contreras-Velásquez, Julio C.; Fierro-Zarate, Carmen Alexandra; Salazar, Juan; Bermudez, Valmore
The objective of this research was to analyze the effects of an intervention program through neurofeedback, on the cognitive performance in children with inattention indicators. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was used under a positivist epistemology, with a comparative analysis for each evaluated cognitive process. A sample of 29 cases was intentionally selected from a group of children and young adolescents with low performance indicators from a Therapeutic Center from Cucuta-Colombia. The neurofeedback program was developed in 20 sessions with the purpose of increase low-beta waves (12-16 Hz) and inhibition theta waves (4-7 Hz). A comparative statistically analysis with five months of difference was carried out using Wilcoxon test, finding significant differences between the pretest and the posttest in neuropsychological tests of auditory-visual attention, encoding memory and planning. The results are discussed with empirical backgrounds that have shown positive effects in this type of interventions.
Pancreatic and Hepatic Injury in COVID-19: A Worse Prognosis in NAFLD Patients?
(MDPI, 2024) Mengual-Moreno, Edgardo; Nava, Manuel; Manzano, Alexander; Ariza, Daniela; D'MARCO, LUIS; Castro, Ana; Marquina, María A.; Corredor Pereira, Carlos; Checa-Ros, Ana; Bermudez, Valmore
The novel disease produced by SARS-CoV-2 mainly harms the respiratory tract, but it has shown the capacity to affect multiple organs. Epidemiologic evidence supports the relationship between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pancreatic and hepatic injury development, identified by alterations in these organ function markers. In this regard, it is important to ascertain how the current prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) might affect COVID-19 evolution and complications. Although it is not clear how SARS-CoV-2 affects both the pancreas and the liver, a multiplicity of potential pathophysiological mechanisms seem to be implicated; among them, a direct viral-induced injury to the organ involving liver and pancreas ACE2 expression. Additionally, immune system dysregulation, coagulopathies, and drugs used to treat the disease could be key for developing complications associated with the patient’s clinical decline. This review aims to provide an overview of the available epidemiologic evidence regarding developing liver and pancreatic alterations in patients with COVID-19, as well as the possible role that NAFLD/NASH might play in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying some of the complications associated with COVID-19. This review employed a comprehensive search on PubMed using relevant keywords and filters. From the initial 126 articles, those aligning with the research target were selected and evaluated for their methodologies, findings, and conclusions. It sheds light on the potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship. As a result, it emphasises the importance of monitoring pancreatic and hepatic function in individuals affected by COVID-19.
Psychological Therapies used for the reduction of habitual cigarette smoking cigarette consumption: A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2024) Carrillo-Sierra, Sandra-Milena; Cárdenas, Lorena; Cadrazco-Urquijo, John Anderson; Salazar-Gómez, Angie Natalia; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Bermudez, Valmore
Globally, there are around 1.3 billion cigarette consumers, indicating it to be the second highest risk factor for early death and morbidity. Meanwhile, psychological therapy offers tools based on its different models and techniques, which can contribute to smoking cessation. In this context, this study gathers scientific evidence to identify psychological therapies that can be used to reduce cigarette consumption. A systematic review of controlled clinical studies was conducted, implementing the PRISMA methodology. Search queries were performed with terms extracted from MESH (Medical Subject Headings) and DECS (Descriptors in Health Sciences). Subsequently, the search was queried in the scientific databases of Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and PsycNet, with subsequent verification of methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. The selected documents revealed that cognitive behavioral therapy prevails due to its use and effectiveness in seven publications (25%). The cognitive approach with mindfulness therapy is found in 4 publications (14%), the transtheoretical model with motivational therapy in 4 publications (14%), brief psychological therapy in 3 publications (10%), and the remaining 10 documents (37%) correspond with others. Intervention studies refer to cognitive behavioral therapy as the most used in reducing cigarette consumption; in terms of the duration of abstinence, scientific evidence shows beneficial effects with short-term reduction.
Psychometric properties of the self-efficacy scale for chronic disease management (SEMCD-S) in older Colombian adults
(Springer Nature, 2023) Cudris-Torres, Lorena; Vinaccia, Stefano; BARRIOS NUÑEZ, ALVARO; Gaviria Arrieta, Natali; GOMEZ, MARTHA LUZ; Olivella López, Giselle; Hernández-Lalinde, Juan; Bermudez, Valmore; lobato perez, olaiza esther; Niño Vega, Jorge Armando ; Navarro Obeid, Jorge Eduardo; Ortega Fernández, Román José; JAVELA, JULIAN
Background Self-efficacy alludes to personal competence in an individual’s effectiveness when facing stressful situations. This construct has been related to different domains of the health field, finding that high levels of self-efficacy benefit human functioning and enhance well-being. Methods The present study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the self-efficacy scale for managing chronic diseases (SEMCD-S) by assessing factorial, convergent and divergent validity, reliability, and measurement invariance. Likewise, the comparison of self-efficacy according to socio-demographic characteristics was proposed by contrasting latent factors. An instrumental, transactional, descriptive, and non-experimental design study was carried out with the participation of 325 Colombian senior citizens. Results The findings suggest that the scale has appropriate psychometric properties. The one-factor structure exhibited a satisfactory fit, the mean-variance extracted reported acceptable figures and the correlation analysis with other constructs supported this instrument’s convergent and discriminant validity. Likewise, it was invariant to the different socio-demographic aspects examined, while the internal consistency figures were high. Differences in the means of the latent factors were only detected in the academic grade. In this case, older adults with a primary school level attained higher self-efficacy values than those who had completed high school or university studies. Conclusions It is concluded that the self-efficacy scale for chronic disease management is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in the Colombian context to measure and compare this construct.
Relación entre los niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de la calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con accidente cerebro vascular en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Enero 2023 a Marzo de 2024
(Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar, 2024) Gallo Urina, Samir; Pulgar González, Melissa Paola; García Puello, Floralinda; Bermudez, Valmore; Vargas Manotas, José
Objetivo: Determinar la relación existente entre los niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con Accidente Cerebro Vascular. Metodología: muestra de 193 cuidadores primarios, seleccionados a través de muestreo no probabilístico. Los participantes fueron evaluados mediante cuestionarios validados: la escala WHOQOL-BREF para calidad de vida, GAD-7 para ansiedad, PHQ-9 para depresión, y la escala abreviada de Zarit para sobrecarga. Se utilizaron medidas descriptivas y la correlación de Spearman para evaluar la relación entre las variables principales del estudio (sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de la calidad de vida), nivel de significancia estadística de p< 0,05. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el 27.2% de los cuidadores experimentan una sobrecarga intensa, mientras que el 30.4% presentaba ansiedad leve y el 14.1% sufría de depresión grave. En cuanto a la calidad de vida, el dominio físico se encontraba afectado en un 24.6% de los cuidadores, mientras que el dominio psicológico presentaba un deterioro significativo en el 18.8% de la muestra. Las correlaciones de Spearman indicaron una relación negativa significativa entre la sobrecarga y la calidad de vida en sus dominios físico, psicológico, social y del entorno. Conclusiones: se encontró que los cuidadores primarios de pacientes con ACV experimentan altos niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad y depresión, los cuales impactan de manera negativa en su calidad de vida. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de diseñar intervenciones orientadas a reducir la carga emocional y física de los cuidadores para mejorar tanto su bienestar como el de los pacientes.
The Weight of Bariatric Surgery: Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome after Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy - A Case Series
(MDPI, 2024) Gutiérrez-Rey, Melissa; Castellar Visbal, Lily; Acevedo Vergara, Kaleb; Vargas Manotas, Jose; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Londoño-Juliao, Gloria; Guerrero Vela, Brenda Viviana; Perdomo Jiménez, María Camila ; Bermudez, Valmore
In this case series, the simultaneous occurrence of Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) and dry beriberi was reported in three patients who underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) between May 2021 and May 2023. All patients were obese women who underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) without immediate postoperative complications, but two weeks later, hyperemesis and subsequent encephalopathy with ocular movement abnormalities and weakness were observed over the following thirty days. Patients were referred to neurology, where due to the high suspicion of WE, thiamine replacement therapy was initiated; meanwhile, diagnostic neuroimaging and blood tests were conducted. Neurological and psychiatric evaluations and neuroconduction studies were performed to assess the clinical evolution and present sequelae. One year after diagnosis, all patients exhibited affective and behavioral sequelae, anterograde memory impairment, and executive functioning deficits. Two patients met the criteria for Korsakoff syndrome. Additionally, peripheral nervous system sequelae were observed, with all patients presenting with sensorimotor polyneuropathy. In conclusion, Wernicke’s encephalopathy requires a high diagnostic suspicion for timely intervention and prevention of irreversible sequelae, which can be devastating. Therefore, raising awareness among medical professionals regarding the significance of this disease is essential.
The weight of bariatric surgery: Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome after vertical sleeve gastrectomy—A case series
(MDPI, 2024) Gutiérrez-Rey, Melissa; Castellar Visbal, Lily; Acevedo Vergara, Kaleb; Vargas-Manotas, José; Rivera-Porras, Diego; Londoño-Juliao, Gloria; Castillo-Guerrero, Brenda; Perdomo Jiménez, María Camila ; Bermudez, Valmore
In this case series, the simultaneous occurrence of Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) and dry beriberi was reported in three patients who underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) between May 2021 and May 2023. All patients were obese women who underwent vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) without immediate postoperative complications, but two weeks later, hyperemesis and subsequent encephalopathy with ocular movement abnormalities and weakness were observed over the following thirty days. Patients were referred to neurology, where due to the high suspicion of WE, thiamine replacement therapy was initiated; meanwhile, diagnostic neuroimaging and blood tests were conducted. Neurological and psychiatric evaluations and neuroconduction studies were performed to assess the clinical evolution and present sequelae. One year after diagnosis, all patients exhibited affective and behavioral sequelae, anterograde memory impairment, and executive functioning deficits. Two patients met the criteria for Korsakoff syndrome. Additionally, peripheral nervous system sequelae were observed, with all patients presenting with sensorimotor polyneuropathy. In conclusion, Wernicke’s encephalopathy requires a high diagnostic suspicion for timely intervention and prevention of irreversible sequelae, which can be devastating. Therefore, raising awareness among medical professionals regarding the significance of this disease is essential.

Examinando por Autor "Bermudez, Valmore"

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