Relación entre los niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de la calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con accidente cerebro vascular en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Enero 2023 a Marzo de 2024
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2024
Autores
Gallo Urina, Samir
Pulgar González, Melissa Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar la relación existente entre los niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de calidad de vida en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con Accidente Cerebro Vascular. Metodología: muestra de 193 cuidadores primarios, seleccionados a través de muestreo no probabilístico. Los participantes fueron evaluados mediante cuestionarios validados: la escala WHOQOL-BREF para calidad de vida, GAD-7 para ansiedad, PHQ-9 para depresión, y la escala abreviada de Zarit para sobrecarga. Se utilizaron medidas descriptivas y la correlación de Spearman para evaluar la relación entre las variables principales del estudio (sobrecarga, ansiedad, depresión y los dominios de la calidad de vida), nivel de significancia estadística de p< 0,05. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el 27.2% de los cuidadores experimentan una sobrecarga intensa, mientras que el 30.4% presentaba ansiedad leve y el 14.1% sufría de depresión grave. En cuanto a la calidad de vida, el dominio físico se encontraba afectado en un 24.6% de los cuidadores, mientras que el dominio psicológico presentaba un deterioro significativo en el 18.8% de la muestra. Las correlaciones de Spearman indicaron una relación negativa significativa entre la sobrecarga y la calidad de vida en sus dominios físico, psicológico, social y del entorno. Conclusiones: se encontró que los cuidadores primarios de pacientes con ACV experimentan altos niveles de sobrecarga, ansiedad y depresión, los cuales impactan de manera negativa en su calidad de vida. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de diseñar intervenciones orientadas a reducir la carga emocional y física de los cuidadores para mejorar tanto su bienestar como el de los pacientes.
Objective: To determine the relationship between levels of burden, anxiety, depression and quality of life domains in primary caregivers of patients with stroke. Methodology: A sample of 193 primary caregivers was selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Participants were assessed using validated questionnaires: the WHOQOL-BREF scale for quality of life, GAD-7 for anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, and the Zarit abbreviated scale for burden. Descriptive measures and Spearman's correlation were used to assess the relationship between the main variables of the study (burden, anxiety, depression and quality of life domains), statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that 27.2% of caregivers experienced intense burden, while 30.4% had mild anxiety and 14.1% suffered from severe depression. Regarding quality of life, the physical domain was affected in 24.6% of caregivers, while the psychological domain showed a significant deterioration in 18.8% of the sample. Spearman correlations indicated a significant negative relationship between burden and quality of life in its physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. Conclusions: It was found that primary caregivers of stroke patients experience high levels of burden, anxiety and depression, which negatively impact their quality of life. These findings underline the importance of designing interventions aimed at reducing the emotional and physical burden of caregivers to improve both their well-being and that of patients.
Objective: To determine the relationship between levels of burden, anxiety, depression and quality of life domains in primary caregivers of patients with stroke. Methodology: A sample of 193 primary caregivers was selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Participants were assessed using validated questionnaires: the WHOQOL-BREF scale for quality of life, GAD-7 for anxiety, PHQ-9 for depression, and the Zarit abbreviated scale for burden. Descriptive measures and Spearman's correlation were used to assess the relationship between the main variables of the study (burden, anxiety, depression and quality of life domains), statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that 27.2% of caregivers experienced intense burden, while 30.4% had mild anxiety and 14.1% suffered from severe depression. Regarding quality of life, the physical domain was affected in 24.6% of caregivers, while the psychological domain showed a significant deterioration in 18.8% of the sample. Spearman correlations indicated a significant negative relationship between burden and quality of life in its physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. Conclusions: It was found that primary caregivers of stroke patients experience high levels of burden, anxiety and depression, which negatively impact their quality of life. These findings underline the importance of designing interventions aimed at reducing the emotional and physical burden of caregivers to improve both their well-being and that of patients.
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Indicadores de calidad de vida, Ansiedad, Depresión, Accidente vascular cerebral, Sobrecarga del cuidador