Análisis biomecánico de la columna cervical del personal administrativo de la Universidad Simón Bolívar
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Fecha
2024
Autores
De La Hoz Rondón, Bryan
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Editor
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la biomecánica de la columna cervical del personal administrativo de la Universidad Simón Bolívar Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal con una muestra representativa de 75 empleados, seleccionados aleatoriamente de una población de 307 trabajadores administrativos. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron técnicas avanzadas de análisis biomecánico, incluyendo el sistema BTS SMART- DX y la electromiografía de superficie BTS FREEEMG, que permitieron evaluar con precisión los rangos de movimiento y la actividad muscular de la columna cervical. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el 80% de los participantes fueron mujeres, y el 68% tenía entre 20 y 44 años. Se identificaron restricciones significativas en la movilidad cervical, particularmente en los movimientos de flexión (46,87 grados) y rotación (62,47 grados), las cuales estuvieron asociadas con factores como la edad, el tipo de cargo desempeñado y la presencia de dolor en la región cervical. Además, se observó que los empleados con mayor uso del computador presentaron una mayor velocidad angular en los movimientos de flexión (35,73±11,81 grados por segundos) y durante la rotación a la derecha (79,95±27,14 grados por segundos) Conclusiones: Los trabajadores que presentan una conducta sedentaria durante su jornada laboral presentan alteraciones en la cinemática de la columna cervical. Por lo tanto, se recomienda implementar programas de intervención ergonómica específicos y de actividad física para mejorar de manera significativa la salud musculoesquelética del personal administrativo.
Objective: To analyze the biomechanics of the cervical spine of the administrative staff of the Simón Bolívar University Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with a representative sample of 75 employees, randomly selected from a population of 307 administrative workers. For data collection, advanced biomechanical analysis techniques were used, including the BTS SMART-DX system and BTS FREEEMG surface electromyography, which allowed the ranges of motion and muscle activity of the cervical spine to be accurately assessed. Results: The results showed that 80% of the participants were women, and 68% were between 20 and 44 years old. Significant restrictions were identified in cervical mobility, particularly in flexion (46.87 degrees) and rotation (62.47 degrees) movements, which were associated with factors such as age, type of position held and the presence of pain. in the cervical region. In addition, it was observed that employees with greater computer use presented greater angular velocity in flexion movements (35.73±11.81 degrees per second) and during rotation to the right (79.95±27.14 degrees for seconds) Conclusions: Workers who use the computer present alterations in the kinematics of the cervical spine. Therefore, it is recommended to implement specific ergonomic intervention programs and therapeutic exercises to significantly improve the musculoskeletal health of administrative personnel.
Objective: To analyze the biomechanics of the cervical spine of the administrative staff of the Simón Bolívar University Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with a representative sample of 75 employees, randomly selected from a population of 307 administrative workers. For data collection, advanced biomechanical analysis techniques were used, including the BTS SMART-DX system and BTS FREEEMG surface electromyography, which allowed the ranges of motion and muscle activity of the cervical spine to be accurately assessed. Results: The results showed that 80% of the participants were women, and 68% were between 20 and 44 years old. Significant restrictions were identified in cervical mobility, particularly in flexion (46.87 degrees) and rotation (62.47 degrees) movements, which were associated with factors such as age, type of position held and the presence of pain. in the cervical region. In addition, it was observed that employees with greater computer use presented greater angular velocity in flexion movements (35.73±11.81 degrees per second) and during rotation to the right (79.95±27.14 degrees for seconds) Conclusions: Workers who use the computer present alterations in the kinematics of the cervical spine. Therefore, it is recommended to implement specific ergonomic intervention programs and therapeutic exercises to significantly improve the musculoskeletal health of administrative personnel.
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Palabras clave
Biomecánica, Columna cervical, Contracción muscular, Rango del movimiento articular, Personal administrativo, Salud laboral