Percepciones sobre los factores asociados a la permanencia en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas desde la adolescencia hasta la adultez: una mirada desde consumidores en proceso de rehabilitación en el Centro Hogares CREA
Fecha
2021
Autores
Ahumada Vizcaíno, Yuliana
Hernández Racine, Nubianis
Paba Jiménez, Abigail
Rudas Carrillo, Keissy
Narváez Algarín, Carlos
Luna Pertuz, María José
Pinto Quevedo, Natalia
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Resumen
La presente investigación buscó interpretar las percepciones que tienen los
consumidores en proceso de rehabilitación en el centro Hogares Crea, sobre los
factores asociados a la permanencia frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas
desde la adolescencia hasta la adultez. Es un estudio cualitativo - descriptivo, con
un diseño fenomenológico y un abordaje desde el paradigma histórico
hermenéutico, que utilizó como instrumento la entrevista semiestructurada, a partir
de la organización en la matriz de categorización apriorística.
En la revisión bibliográfica se logró evidenciar que el 5,3% de la población mundial
consumió drogas en el año 2018, siendo los adolescentes y jóvenes quienes
suponen la mayor parte de la población consumidora, “Los adolescentes y los
adultos jóvenes representan la mayor proporción de las personas que consumen
drogas. Ese grupo de edad aumentó en un 16 % en los países en desarrollo en el
período 2000- 2018” (UNODC, 2020, pág. 1). En Colombia, se encontró que las
personas que se encuentran entre las edades de 18 a 24 años son los que más
prevalecen en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas ilícitas siendo la edad
promedio de comienzo los 18 años, sin descartar que el 25% inicia a los 15 años y
el 75% a los 20 años (DANE, 2020). En el caso de la Región Caribe, el mismo
boletín del DANE (2020), señala que la Región Caribe en cuanto a la prevalencia
en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas ilegales arroja el total del 26,2%, siendo
la Guajira y el Atlántico los departamentos con los porcentajes más altos con un
6,9% y 4,9% respectivamente.
The present research sought to interpret the perceptions that consumers in the rehabilitation process at the Hogares Crea center have on the factors associated with permanence in the face of psychoactive substance use from adolescence to adulthood. It is a qualitative-descriptive study, with a phenomenological design and an approach from the historical hermeneutical paradigm, which used the semi-structured interview as an instrument, based on the organization in the a priori categorization matrix. In the bibliographic review, it was possible to show that 5.3% of the world population consumed drugs in 2018, with adolescents and young people who make up most of the consumer population, “Adolescents and young adults represent the largest proportion of people who use drugs. This age group increased by 16% in developing countries in the period 2000-2018” (UNODC, 2020, p. 1). In Colombia, it was found that people between the ages of 18 to 24 are the most prevalent in the consumption of illicit psychoactive substances, the average starting age being 18 years, without ruling out that 25% start at 15 years and 75% at 20 years (DANE, 2020). In the case of the Caribbean Region, the same DANE bulletin (2020) indicates that the Caribbean Region in terms of the prevalence of illegal psychoactive substance use shows a total of 26.2, with Guajira and the Atlántico being the departments with the highest percentages with 6.9% and 4.9% respectively.
The present research sought to interpret the perceptions that consumers in the rehabilitation process at the Hogares Crea center have on the factors associated with permanence in the face of psychoactive substance use from adolescence to adulthood. It is a qualitative-descriptive study, with a phenomenological design and an approach from the historical hermeneutical paradigm, which used the semi-structured interview as an instrument, based on the organization in the a priori categorization matrix. In the bibliographic review, it was possible to show that 5.3% of the world population consumed drugs in 2018, with adolescents and young people who make up most of the consumer population, “Adolescents and young adults represent the largest proportion of people who use drugs. This age group increased by 16% in developing countries in the period 2000-2018” (UNODC, 2020, p. 1). In Colombia, it was found that people between the ages of 18 to 24 are the most prevalent in the consumption of illicit psychoactive substances, the average starting age being 18 years, without ruling out that 25% start at 15 years and 75% at 20 years (DANE, 2020). In the case of the Caribbean Region, the same DANE bulletin (2020) indicates that the Caribbean Region in terms of the prevalence of illegal psychoactive substance use shows a total of 26.2, with Guajira and the Atlántico being the departments with the highest percentages with 6.9% and 4.9% respectively.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Consumo de SPA, Percepciones, Permanencia, Adolescencia, Adultez, Factores de riesgo, SPA consumption, Perceptions, Permanence, Adolescence, Adulthood, Risk factors
