Estrategias de intervención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas desde el modelo cognitivo conductual: una revisión de la evidencia
Cargando...
Fecha
2023
Autores
Prieto Velilla, Sofia Del Carmen
Gámez Herrera, Neiridy
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente monografía tiene como propósito identificar los avances investigativos basados en evidencia del proceso de intervención de psicoterapia mediante la implementación del modelo cognitivo conductual en adultos comprendidos en edades de 18 a 65 años con predisposición al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Para ello se ha implementado la estrategia de búsqueda la revisión documental con descriptores como “psychotherapy AND young AND drug addicts AND cognitive behavioral model” arrojando estudios (n=34) comprendidos entre 2017 y 2022, se utilizaron las herramientas booleanas de las diferentes bases de datos Redalyc, Science Direct, EBSCO, Pubmed y Dialnet. Los estudios incluidos abordaron la temática de interés para esta investigación, se seleccionaron aquellas que aplicaron el modelo cognitivo conductual en adultos con signos de conducta depresiva y ansiedad asociadas al alto consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Se identificaron episodios frecuentes de síntomas depresivos, ansiedad, desesperanza, psicosis, estrés y factores relacionados a esta problemática y estresores como desempleo, conflictos intrafamiliares y el ocio. La tendencia en intervención desde el modelo muestra que esta direccionada al manejo de habilidades de afrontamiento, autocontrol, resolución de problemas y manejo de ansiedad por consumir. El panorama revela que a pesar de existir interés científico en la temática de estudio acerca de lo efectiva que es la metodología cognitivo conductual en este tipo de pacientes, se requiere profundizar en mayor medida través de nuevos pacientes para la comprensión de la problemática que puede perjudicar gran parte de los adultos expuesto al consumo de sustancias. Se retoma la premisa que la puesta en marcha de un modelo científico resulta ser de efectividad en los procesos de intervención con adultos drogodependientes.
The purpose of this monograph is to identify evidence-based research advances in the psychotherapy intervention process through the implementation of the cognitive behavioral model in adults aged 18 to 65 years with a predisposition to the consumption of psychoactive substances. For this purpose, the search strategy was implemented the documentary review with descriptors such as "psychotherapy AND young AND drug addicts AND cognitive behavioral model" yielding studies (n=34) comprised between 2017 and 2022, the Boolean tools of the different databases Redalyc, Science Direct, EBSCO, Pubmed and Dialnet were used. The included studies addressed the topic of interest for this research, those that applied the cognitive behavioral model in adults with signs of depressive behavior and anxiety associated with high consumption of psychoactive substances were selected. Frequent episodes of depressive symptoms, anxiety, hopelessness, psychosis, stress and factors related to this problem and stressors such as unemployment, intrafamily conflicts and leisure were identified. The tendency in intervention from the model shows that it is directed to the management of coping skills, self- control, problem solving and management of anxiety about consuming. The panorama reveals that in spite of the existence of scientific interest in the subject of study about the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral methodology in this type of patients, it is necessary to deepen in greater measure through new patients for the understanding of the problematic that can harm a great part of the adults exposed to the consumption of substances. The premise that the implementation of a scientific model is effective in the processes of intervention with drug dependent adults is taken up again.
The purpose of this monograph is to identify evidence-based research advances in the psychotherapy intervention process through the implementation of the cognitive behavioral model in adults aged 18 to 65 years with a predisposition to the consumption of psychoactive substances. For this purpose, the search strategy was implemented the documentary review with descriptors such as "psychotherapy AND young AND drug addicts AND cognitive behavioral model" yielding studies (n=34) comprised between 2017 and 2022, the Boolean tools of the different databases Redalyc, Science Direct, EBSCO, Pubmed and Dialnet were used. The included studies addressed the topic of interest for this research, those that applied the cognitive behavioral model in adults with signs of depressive behavior and anxiety associated with high consumption of psychoactive substances were selected. Frequent episodes of depressive symptoms, anxiety, hopelessness, psychosis, stress and factors related to this problem and stressors such as unemployment, intrafamily conflicts and leisure were identified. The tendency in intervention from the model shows that it is directed to the management of coping skills, self- control, problem solving and management of anxiety about consuming. The panorama reveals that in spite of the existence of scientific interest in the subject of study about the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral methodology in this type of patients, it is necessary to deepen in greater measure through new patients for the understanding of the problematic that can harm a great part of the adults exposed to the consumption of substances. The premise that the implementation of a scientific model is effective in the processes of intervention with drug dependent adults is taken up again.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Consumo de drogas, Modelo cognitivo conductual, Dependencia, Intervención, Consumo de sustancias, Sustancias psicoactivas, Salud mental, Drug Abuse, Cognitive Behavioral Model, Dependence, Intervention, Substance Abuse, Psychoactive substances, Mental health
