El plazo razonable a la luz de la jurisprudencia de la corte interamericana de Derechos humanos
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Mendoza Alvarez, Cristians Camilo
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En el marco del Estado de derecho, toda persona señalada de ser responsable de una
conducta punible tiene a su favor, además del derecho a la presunción de inocencia, las garantías
fundamentales a la contradicción, defensa, debido proceso y a ser juzgada dentro de un término
razonable, el derecho al plazo razonable se encuentra reconocido en los tratados internacionales
sobre derechos humanos suscritos por Colombia y, por tal motivo, su validez no puede ser
suspendida sino previa declaración de un estado de excepción (Acción de tutela contra providencia
judicial, 2022, págs. 10-12), dentro de este contexto se tiene entonces que el reconocimiento del
derecho a la restricción de la libertad en Colombia no es de carácter absoluto, pues el estado está
facultado para imponer medidas de aseguramientos que logran afectar dicho derecho de
reconocimiento constitucional, el régimen de la restricción de la libertad preventiva, debe ser
justificados con los fundamentos y lineamientos constitucionales que lo permiten, la necesidad en
la imposición de la medida de aseguramiento preventiva en establecimiento carcelario, la
pertinencia de la misma, la protección al derecho de la víctima, la protección de los derechos de la
sociedad, son algunos de los fundamentos constitucionales y legales para que se tienen en cuenta
para que una persona sea privada de la libertad, de forma preventiva en Colombia, esta debe ser
resuelta respectivamente por el juez constitucional, juez encargado de velar por las garantías
fundamentales del capturado, es decir es un juez netamente de estirpe constitucional, de garantistas
constitucionales.
Within the framework of the rule of law, any person accused of being responsible for punishable conduct has in their favor, in addition to the right to the presumption of innocence, the fundamental guarantees of contradiction, defense, due process and to be tried within a time limit. Reasonable¸ the right to a reasonable period of time is recognized in the international treaties on human rights signed by Colombia and, for this reason, its validity cannot be suspended without prior declaration of a state of exception (STP6017, 2016), within this context, we then have that the recognition of the right to restriction of freedom in Colombia is not absolute, since the state is empowered to impose security measures that manage to affect said right of constitutional recognition, the restriction regime. of preventive freedom, must be justified with the constitutional foundations and guidelines that allow it, the need for the imposition of the preventive security measure in prison establishments, its relevance, the protection of the victim's right, the protection of the rights of society, are some of the constitutional and legal foundations for the imposition of the security measure in Colombia, which must be resolved in the respective hearing for the imposition of the security measure, which is preceded by a judge with functions of control of guarantees, a judge who will ensure the fundamental guarantees of the captured, that is, he is a judge clearly of constitutional origin, of constitutional guarantees.
Within the framework of the rule of law, any person accused of being responsible for punishable conduct has in their favor, in addition to the right to the presumption of innocence, the fundamental guarantees of contradiction, defense, due process and to be tried within a time limit. Reasonable¸ the right to a reasonable period of time is recognized in the international treaties on human rights signed by Colombia and, for this reason, its validity cannot be suspended without prior declaration of a state of exception (STP6017, 2016), within this context, we then have that the recognition of the right to restriction of freedom in Colombia is not absolute, since the state is empowered to impose security measures that manage to affect said right of constitutional recognition, the restriction regime. of preventive freedom, must be justified with the constitutional foundations and guidelines that allow it, the need for the imposition of the preventive security measure in prison establishments, its relevance, the protection of the victim's right, the protection of the rights of society, are some of the constitutional and legal foundations for the imposition of the security measure in Colombia, which must be resolved in the respective hearing for the imposition of the security measure, which is preceded by a judge with functions of control of guarantees, a judge who will ensure the fundamental guarantees of the captured, that is, he is a judge clearly of constitutional origin, of constitutional guarantees.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Garantía plazo razonable, Jurisprudencia CIDH, Ambigüedades plazo razonable, Teste del plazo razonable, Vencimiento del plazo razonable
