Implantación de un programa psicoeducativo familiar para el desarrollo integral de la primera infancia basado en los parámetros de Bienestar familiar y la Unicef en la comunidad Kaliwasen de la población indígena Wayuú ubicada en el municipio de Uribia, La Guajira, Colombia
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Bermúdez Iglesias, Gina Daniela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La primera infancia es el ciclo transcurrido entre el nacimiento y los primeros cinco años de vida. Durante esta etapa de crecimiento los niños y niñas deben recibir mayor protección de su entorno y contexto familiar. De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), es necesario entender que estar sano desde los primeros años de vida da a cada niño la oportunidad de desarrollarse y convertirse en adulto y así contribuir de manera positiva al desenvolvimiento óptimo de la sociedad. El objetivo de este proyecto es el diseño de un Programa Psicoeducativo Familiar para el Desarrollo Integral de la Primera Infancia, basado en los parámetros del Bienestar familiar y la Unicef en la Comunidad Kaliwasen de la Población Indígena Wayuú Ubicada en el Municipio de Uribia, La Guajira, Colombia. El estudio es de naturaleza cualitativo y su diseño responde a una investigación-acción. Las técnicas utilizadas para el desarrollo de la propuesta fueron entrevistas semi estructuradas, grupos focales y análisis de documentos. Se obtuvo como uno de los principales resultados,
la visión percibida por los actores acerca de la necesidad de un enfoque diferencial, tanto en los procesos de formación y capacitación dirigidos a niños como a padres de familia. También en los resultados se describe una serie de actividades y talleres en los cuales se mantuvo esa visión de que las acciones a desarrollar deben respetar e incluso promover la identidad cultural y el uso de los artefactos culturales Wayuú. Por ello, en la propuesta aquí presentada, se proyecta la participación directa de líderes y lideresas, así como realización de actividades de aprendizaje desde la propia experiencia y vivencias de los indígenas. Igualmente se hace uso de narrativas y mitos de los Wayuú, consideradas didácticas con enorme potencial para el aprendizaje de diversos conceptos. Entre algunos de los ejes que hacen parte de este proceso formativo se tienen: Autocuidado y estilos de vida saludable; estimulación temprana; pautas de crianza para el desarrollo psicoemocional en la infancia; convivencia y habilidades sociales.
Early childhood is the cycle between birth and the first five years of life. During this stage of growth, boys and girls must receive greater protection from their environment and family context. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is necessary to understand that being healthy from the first years of life gives each child the opportunity to develop and become an adult and thus contribute positively to the optimal development of society. The objective of this project is the design of a Family Psychoeducational Program for the Comprehensive Development of Early Childhood, based on the parameters of Family Welfare and Unicef in the Kaliwasen Community of the Wayuú Indigenous Population Located in the Municipality of Uribia, La Guajira , Colombia. The study is qualitative in nature and its design responds to action research. The techniques used to develop the proposal were semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document analysis. One of the main results was obtained, the vision perceived by the actors about the need for a differential approach, both in the training and training processes aimed at children and parents. The results also describe a series of activities and workshops in which the vision was maintained that the actions to be developed must respect and even promote cultural identity and the use of Wayuú cultural artifacts. For this reason, in the proposal presented here, the direct participation of leaders is projected, as well as the implementation of learning activities from the indigenous people's own experience and experiences. Likewise, use is made of Wayuú narratives and myths, considered didactics with enormous potential for learning various concepts. Some of the axes that are part of this training process include: Self-care and healthy lifestyles; early stimulation; parenting guidelines for psychoemotional development in childhood; coexistence and social skills.
Early childhood is the cycle between birth and the first five years of life. During this stage of growth, boys and girls must receive greater protection from their environment and family context. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is necessary to understand that being healthy from the first years of life gives each child the opportunity to develop and become an adult and thus contribute positively to the optimal development of society. The objective of this project is the design of a Family Psychoeducational Program for the Comprehensive Development of Early Childhood, based on the parameters of Family Welfare and Unicef in the Kaliwasen Community of the Wayuú Indigenous Population Located in the Municipality of Uribia, La Guajira , Colombia. The study is qualitative in nature and its design responds to action research. The techniques used to develop the proposal were semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document analysis. One of the main results was obtained, the vision perceived by the actors about the need for a differential approach, both in the training and training processes aimed at children and parents. The results also describe a series of activities and workshops in which the vision was maintained that the actions to be developed must respect and even promote cultural identity and the use of Wayuú cultural artifacts. For this reason, in the proposal presented here, the direct participation of leaders is projected, as well as the implementation of learning activities from the indigenous people's own experience and experiences. Likewise, use is made of Wayuú narratives and myths, considered didactics with enormous potential for learning various concepts. Some of the axes that are part of this training process include: Self-care and healthy lifestyles; early stimulation; parenting guidelines for psychoemotional development in childhood; coexistence and social skills.
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Palabras clave, Programa psicoeducativo familiar, Desarrollo integral, Primera infancia, Niños 0 a 5 años, Población indígena, Educación, Family psychoeducational program, Comprehensive development, Early childhood, Children 0 to 5 years, Indigenous population, Education
