Representaciones sociales sobre la muerte en personas mayores en convivencia familiar durante el periodo de la pandemia de Covid 19
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Fontalvo Caballero, Andrea Carolina
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El presente proyecto de investigación centra su atención en las representaciones sociales de los adultos mayores en relación con la vida familiar y la muerte en el transcurso de la pandemia de COVID-19; para ello se utilizó la teoría de la representación social de Serge Moscovici (1988), ya que permitió visibilizar y analizar los sentimientos y percepciones de las personas durante este período en el que las dinámicas familiares estaban cambiando.
En el desarrollo de la investigación, participaron 40 personas mayores residentes en Barranquilla de entre 65 y 85 años, a quienes se le aplicó una entrevista semi estructurada. Es importante mencionar que el estudio se realizó bajo el enfoque de investigación cualitativa, un paradigma histórico-hermenéutico y un diseño fenomenológico, lo que facilitó la exploración, descripción y comprensión de las distintas situaciones en los contextos de los adultos mayores participantes. Durante este período se produjeron varios cambios y modificaciones en aspectos de la dinámica familiar, incluidos los roles, las relaciones afectivas, los matrimonios y las relaciones.
En los resultados se analizaron las características de la dinámica familiar de personas mayores durante pandemia por COVID 19, así como se logró interpretar las significaciones e imaginarios sociales de la persona mayor en su entorno en relación con su etapa vital, y, por último, se describe el significado de la muerte que tienen las personas mayores durante la pandemia por COVID 19.
Concluyendo, la importancia de que al interior de las familias se generaron espacios de integración y acercamientos para que el aislamiento preventivo se diera en convivencia sana, lo cual conllevo a dependencia de los adultos mayores hacia los cuidadores, reconociendo que hace falta un acompañamiento para la gestión emocional producida por la preocupación de la salud y cambios ocurridos a raíz de la pandemia COVID 19. En términos del contexto, se fortaleció el concepto de edadismo hacia los adultos mayores, con el refuerzo de los estereotipos y prejuicios al conceptualizarlo con visión pasiva y susceptible de vejez. Por último, con relación al resultado final de un contagio, aumento su conciencia y reflexión sobre la muerte a partir de la concepción de creencias religiosas que inciden en su cosmovisión de la vida después de la muerte, ya que alivia el dolor creando esperanza de encontrarse en otro mundo.
The present research project focuses on the social representations of older adults in relation to family life and death in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic; for this the theory of social representation of Serge Moscovici was used, because it allowed us to make visible and analyze people’s feelings and perceptions during this period in which family dynamics were changing. In the development of the research, 40 elderly people living in Barranquilla between 65 and 85 years of age participated, to whom a semi-structured interview was applied. It is important to mention that the study was conducted under the investigation qualitative research, a historical-hermeneutic paradigm and a phenomenological design, which facilitated the exploration, description and understanding of the different situations in the contexts of the older adults involved. During this period there were several changes and modifications in aspects of family dynamics, including roles, affective relationships, marriages and relationships. The results analyzed the characteristics of the family dynamics of elderly people during VOCID pandemic 19 as well as being able to interpret the social meanings and imaginaries of the elderly in their environment during the pandemic in relation to their life stage, and finally, the meaning of the death of the elderly during the pandemic by VOCID 19 is described. In conclusion, the importance of creating spaces of integration and rapprochement within families in order for preventive isolation to lead to healthy coexistence, which led to the dependence of older adults on caregivers, recognizing that emotional management produced by health concerns and changes in the wake of the COVID pandemic is in need of accompaniment 19. In terms of context, the concept of ageism towards older adults was strengthened, with the reinforcement of stereotypes and prejudices by conceptualizing it with passive vision and susceptible to old age. Finally, with regard to the final result of contagion, I raise your awareness and reflection on death from the conception of religious beliefs that affect your worldview of life after death, as it relieves and pain creating hope to find yourself in another world.
The present research project focuses on the social representations of older adults in relation to family life and death in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic; for this the theory of social representation of Serge Moscovici was used, because it allowed us to make visible and analyze people’s feelings and perceptions during this period in which family dynamics were changing. In the development of the research, 40 elderly people living in Barranquilla between 65 and 85 years of age participated, to whom a semi-structured interview was applied. It is important to mention that the study was conducted under the investigation qualitative research, a historical-hermeneutic paradigm and a phenomenological design, which facilitated the exploration, description and understanding of the different situations in the contexts of the older adults involved. During this period there were several changes and modifications in aspects of family dynamics, including roles, affective relationships, marriages and relationships. The results analyzed the characteristics of the family dynamics of elderly people during VOCID pandemic 19 as well as being able to interpret the social meanings and imaginaries of the elderly in their environment during the pandemic in relation to their life stage, and finally, the meaning of the death of the elderly during the pandemic by VOCID 19 is described. In conclusion, the importance of creating spaces of integration and rapprochement within families in order for preventive isolation to lead to healthy coexistence, which led to the dependence of older adults on caregivers, recognizing that emotional management produced by health concerns and changes in the wake of the COVID pandemic is in need of accompaniment 19. In terms of context, the concept of ageism towards older adults was strengthened, with the reinforcement of stereotypes and prejudices by conceptualizing it with passive vision and susceptible to old age. Finally, with regard to the final result of contagion, I raise your awareness and reflection on death from the conception of religious beliefs that affect your worldview of life after death, as it relieves and pain creating hope to find yourself in another world.
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Palabras clave
Adulto mayor, Dinámica familiar, Pandemia, Representaciones sociales, Muerte, Elderly, Family dynamics, Pandemic, Social representations, Death
