Experiencia con colgajo nasolabial para cobertura de defectos de labio superior
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Barros Campo, Jaime Antonio
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
La reconstrucción del labio superior representa un reto quirúrgico debido a la
necesidad de restaurar simultáneamente función, estética y simetría. Entre las
alternativas existentes, el colgajo nasolabial se ha posicionado como una técnica
segura, eficaz y estéticamente favorable, particularmente útil en defectos residuales
causados por trauma o resecciones oncológicas. A pesar de su uso frecuente, existe
escasa documentación sistemática en la literatura nacional que respalde su
efectividad y complicaciones.
Objetivo: Describir los resultados clínicos y estéticos obtenidos mediante el uso del
colgajo nasolabial para la cobertura de defectos del labio superior en una serie de
casos tratados en un hospital universitario de Pereira, durante 2023 y 2024.
Material y método: Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo
en forma de serie de casos. Se incluyeron pacientes tratados con colgajo nasolabial
bilateral para reconstrucción de defectos del labio superior. Se evaluaron variables
clínicas, demográficas, técnicas quirúrgicas utilizadas, así como resultados
funcionales, estéticos y complicaciones postoperatorias. Los datos fueron
recolectados de historias clínicas y fotografías clínicas, con seguimiento a corto y
mediano plazo.
Resultados: Se documentaron tres casos clínicos con diferentes características
demográficas y etiológicas (trauma automovilistico y mordedura canina). En todos
los pacientes se utilizó el colgajo nasolabial con adecuada integración a la anatomía
facial, logrando cierre completo del defecto sin dehisecia ni pérdida funcional
significativa. Las complicaciones reportadas fueron menores (hipertrofia cicatricial y
abultamiento leve en un caso). Se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios en términos
de simetría, competencia oral y satisfacción del paciente.
Reconstruction of the upper lip presents a surgical challenge due to the need to simultaneously restore function, aesthetics, and facial symmetry. Among the available options, the nasolabial flap has emerged as a safe, effective, and aesthetically favorable technique, particularly useful for moderate defects caused by trauma or oncologic resections. Despite its frequent use, there is limited systematic documentation in the national literature regarding its effectiveness and potential complications. Objective: To describe the clinical and aesthetic outcomes obtained using the nasolabial flap for coverage of upper lip defects in a series of cases treated at a university hospital in Pereira during 2023 and 2024. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive case series study was conducted. Patients who underwent bilateral nasolabial flap reconstruction for upper lip defects were included. Clinical and demographic variables, surgical techniques employed, as well as functional, aesthetic outcomes, and postoperative complications were assessed. Data were collected from medical records and clinical photographs, with short- and mid-term follow-up. Results: Three clinical cases with varying demographic and etiological characteristics (automobile trauma an dog bite) were documented. In all patients, the nasolabial flap was used with adequate integration into the facial anatomy, achieving complete defect closure without dehiscence or significant functional loss. The reported complications were minor (hypertrophic scarring and mild bulging in one case). Satisfactory outcomes were achieved in terms of symmetry, oral competence, and patient satisfaction.
Reconstruction of the upper lip presents a surgical challenge due to the need to simultaneously restore function, aesthetics, and facial symmetry. Among the available options, the nasolabial flap has emerged as a safe, effective, and aesthetically favorable technique, particularly useful for moderate defects caused by trauma or oncologic resections. Despite its frequent use, there is limited systematic documentation in the national literature regarding its effectiveness and potential complications. Objective: To describe the clinical and aesthetic outcomes obtained using the nasolabial flap for coverage of upper lip defects in a series of cases treated at a university hospital in Pereira during 2023 and 2024. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive case series study was conducted. Patients who underwent bilateral nasolabial flap reconstruction for upper lip defects were included. Clinical and demographic variables, surgical techniques employed, as well as functional, aesthetic outcomes, and postoperative complications were assessed. Data were collected from medical records and clinical photographs, with short- and mid-term follow-up. Results: Three clinical cases with varying demographic and etiological characteristics (automobile trauma an dog bite) were documented. In all patients, the nasolabial flap was used with adequate integration into the facial anatomy, achieving complete defect closure without dehiscence or significant functional loss. The reported complications were minor (hypertrophic scarring and mild bulging in one case). Satisfactory outcomes were achieved in terms of symmetry, oral competence, and patient satisfaction.
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Palabras clave
Colgajo nasolabial, Reconstrucción labial, Cirugía plástica facial, Defectos del labio superior, Trauma facial, Mordedura canina facial
