Impacto de la implementación de un sistema de control de entrada y salida de estudiantes basado en el reconocimiento de datos biométricos en las escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Cúcuta
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Pedraza Quintero, Juan Esteban
Llanes Suarez, Jeferson Daniel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Antecedentes: La tendencia global hacia la implementación de sistemas biométricos en entornos educativos refleja una creciente preocupación por la seguridad y la gestión eficiente de los recursos. Sin embargo, esta adopción no es uniforme y enfrenta variaciones sustanciales, especialmente en regiones como Cúcuta, donde factores culturales, legales y tecnológicos introducen desafíos específicos. En un contexto más amplio, la adopción de tecnologías biométricas en escuelas ha sido impulsada por la necesidad de fortalecer la seguridad en un mundo cada vez más complejo. Factores como el aumento de situaciones de riesgo, la rápida evolución de la tecnología y la creciente conciencia sobre la importancia de la protección de datos han influido en la decisión de implementar sistemas biométricos para el control de entrada y salida de estudiantes. Objetivo: Este estudio evalúa el impacto de la implementación de un sistema biométrico de control de entrada y salida en escuelas públicas de Cúcuta. Se enfoca en la percepción de los acudientes sobre la eficacia y seguridad de estos sistemas, así como en la identificación de desafíos y preferencias por métodos biométricos específicos. Metodología: Guiada por el paradigma positivista y un enfoque deductivo, la investigación se dirige a padres y acudientes de estudiantes en escuelas públicas de Cúcuta. Utiliza una encuesta Likert de 15 preguntas para recopilar datos cuantitativos, explorando la percepción sobre la eficiencia del sistema y la preferencia por métodos biométricos. La población objetivo comprende a los padres, acudientes o responsables de los estudiantes en escuelas públicas de Cúcuta. La elección de esta población se fundamenta en su interacción directa y significativa con el sistema de control biométrico en el contexto escolar. La muestra se selecciona de manera estratificada para garantizar representatividad en términos de diferentes niveles educativos y demografía.
La recolección de datos se realiza a través de una encuesta Likert con 15 preguntas, distribuidas para abordar objetivos específicos. La estructura Likert facilita la comprensión tanto para los encuestados como para los encuestadores. Cada bloque de cinco preguntas se vincula a un objetivo particular, permitiendo una evaluación detallada de las percepciones de los acudientes. Resultados: Los resultados de la encuesta revelan una preocupación palpable entre los acudientes respecto a la eficiencia de los procedimientos actuales de entrada y salida en las escuelas públicas de Cúcuta. La mayoría de los encuestados expresan insatisfacción, destacando deficiencias y señalando una percepción generalizada de ineficiencia en términos de rapidez y eficacia. Estos hallazgos subrayan la urgente necesidad de mejoras sustanciales en la gestión de los procesos de entrada y salida.
En relación con los métodos biométricos, se observa una diversidad significativa de opiniones entre los acudientes. Mientras que un porcentaje considerable considera adecuado el escaneo de huellas dactilares, existe una proporción sustancial que muestra desacuerdo, indicando opiniones divergentes sobre su idoneidad. El reconocimiento facial, por otro lado, genera preocupación, ya que una parte significativa no lo considera una opción segura. La creencia mayoritaria en la eficiencia de otros métodos biométricos destaca la necesidad de explorar alternativas que generen mayor consenso y confianza entre los acudientes. La seguridad de datos emerge como un factor crítico en la elección del método biométrico. Una sólida mayoría está de acuerdo en que la seguridad de datos influye en esta elección, evidenciando la importancia atribuida a la protección de información personal. La conciencia sobre la necesidad de evaluar la eficiencia antes de la implementación también es evidente, con un porcentaje significativo respaldando esta práctica. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de la seguridad y la evaluación previa en la aceptación de los sistemas biométricos por parte de la comunidad educativa. La encuesta revela una preocupación mayoritaria sobre la privacidad de los estudiantes, indicando que debe ser una consideración principal en la implementación de sistemas biométricos en el entorno escolar. La necesidad de medidas rigurosas para la protección de datos biométricos es respaldada por un contundente porcentaje de encuestados. Además, la mayoría está de acuerdo en que la implementación del sistema biométrico debe cumplir con regulaciones y normativas de protección de datos, destacando la importancia percibida del cumplimiento normativo en este contexto. La comunidad escolar muestra una clara demanda de transparencia y comunicación efectiva. Un sólido porcentaje respalda la idea de que la implementación del sistema biométrico debe ir acompañada de una información completa a los acudientes. Este hallazgo subraya la necesidad de establecer canales claros de comunicación para garantizar la comprensión y aceptación de las medidas de seguridad y protección de datos asociadas al sistema biométrico en las escuelas.
Conclusiones: La evaluación detallada de los resultados confirma una necesidad imperativa de mejoras sustanciales en los procedimientos de entrada y salida en las escuelas públicas de Cúcuta. La percepción generalizada de ineficiencia y las identificadas deficiencias resaltan la urgencia de abordar estos aspectos para garantizar una gestión más eficaz y segura de los estudiantes en estos momentos críticos. Los acudientes demuestran no solo una identificación de desafíos en la gestión de entrada y salida de estudiantes, sino también una comprensión profunda de la complejidad de estos desafíos. Este nivel de conciencia proporciona una base sólida para la implementación de mejoras significativas, ya que la comprensión detallada de los obstáculos facilita la formulación de estrategias efectivas orientadas a superar dichos desafíos.
: La falta de consenso sobre la idoneidad de métodos biométricos específicos indica la necesidad de una cuidadosa consideración y evaluación antes de la implementación. Aunque algunos acudientes encuentran adecuado el escaneo de huellas dactilares, otros expresan desacuerdo, destacando la importancia de explorar alternativas que generen mayor consenso y confianza entre la comunidad educativa. La preocupación y priorización de la seguridad y protección de datos en la elección del método biométrico son aspectos cruciales. La comunidad educativa reconoce la importancia de evaluar la eficiencia y la necesidad de establecer medidas rigurosas para salvaguardar la información personal de los estudiantes. Este hallazgo destaca la relevancia de incorporar altos estándares de seguridad en cualquier sistema biométrico implementado. La demanda de cumplimiento normativo y la necesidad de transparencia en la implementación de sistemas biométricos son evidentes. Los acudientes respaldan la idea de que la implementación debe cumplir con regulaciones y normativas, subrayando la importancia del marco legal en la aceptación de estas tecnologías. La solicitud de información completa a los acudientes resalta la necesidad de establecer canales claros de comunicación para fomentar la aceptación y comprensión de las medidas de seguridad asociadas. La percepción de que la evaluación continua de cuestiones de seguridad y privacidad es esencial indica una conciencia significativa sobre la dinámica cambiante de estos aspectos. El respaldo a la idea de un monitoreo constante sugiere una voluntad de adaptarse y mejorar continuamente, subrayando la importancia de la flexibilidad y la respuesta activa a cualquier cambio en el entorno de seguridad.
Background: The global trend towards implementing biometric systems in educational settings reflects a growing concern for security and efficient resource management. However, this adoption is not uniform and faces substantial variations, especially in regions like Cúcuta, where cultural, legal, and technological factors introduce specific challenges. In a broader context, the adoption of biometric technologies in schools has been driven by the need to enhance security in an increasingly complex world. Factors such as the rise in risk situations, rapid technological evolution, and a growing awareness of the importance of data protection have influenced the decision to implement biometric systems for student entry and exit control. Objective: This study assesses the impact of implementing a biometric system for entry and exit control in public schools in Cúcuta. It focuses on the perception of guardians regarding the effectiveness and security of these systems, as well as identifying challenges and preferences for specific biometric methods. Methodology: Guided by the positivist paradigm and a deductive approach, the research targets parents and guardians of students in public schools in Cúcuta. It employs a Likert survey with 15 questions to gather quantitative data, exploring perceptions of system efficiency and preferences for biometric methods. The target population comprises parents, guardians, or those responsible for students in public schools in Cúcuta. The choice of this population is based on their direct and significant interaction with the biometric control system in the school context. The sample is selected in a stratified manner to ensure representativeness in terms of different educational levels and demographics. Data collection is conducted through a Likert survey with 15 questions, distributed to address specific objectives. The Likert structure facilitates understanding for both respondents and interviewers. Each set of five questions is linked to a particular objective, allowing for a detailed assessment of guardians' perceptions. Results: The survey results reveal palpable concern among guardians regarding the efficiency of current entry and exit procedures in public schools in Cúcuta. Most respondents express dissatisfaction, highlighting deficiencies and indicating a widespread perception of inefficiency in terms of speed and effectiveness. These findings underscore the urgent need for substantial improvements in the management of entry and exit processes. Regarding biometric methods, there is a significant diversity of opinions among guardians. While a considerable percentage considers fingerprint scanning appropriate, a substantial portion disagrees, indicating divergent opinions about its suitability. Facial recognition, on the other hand, raises concerns, with a significant portion not considering it a secure option. The majority belief in the efficiency of other biometric methods highlights the need to explore alternatives that generate greater consensus and confidence among guardians. Data security emerges as a critical factor in the choice of biometric method. A solid majority agrees that data security influences this choice, highlighting the importance attributed to the protection of personal information. Awareness of the need to assess efficiency before implementation is also evident, with a significant percentage supporting this practice. These results underscore the importance of security and pre-implementation evaluation in the acceptance of biometric systems by the educational community. The survey reveals a majority concern about student privacy, indicating that it should be a primary consideration in the implementation of biometric systems in the school environment. The need for rigorous measures to protect biometric data is supported by a resounding percentage of respondents. Additionally, most agree that the implementation of the biometric system should comply with data protection regulations and standards, emphasizing the perceived importance of regulatory compliance in this context. The school community demonstrates a clear demand for transparency and effective communication. A solid percentage supports the idea that the implementation of the biometric system should be accompanied by complete information to guardians. This finding highlights the need to establish clear communication channels to ensure understanding and acceptance of security and data protection measures associated with the biometric system in schools. Conclusions: The detailed evaluation of results confirms an urgent need for substantial improvements in entry and exit procedures in public schools in Cúcuta. Guardians not only identify challenges in the management of student entry and exit but also demonstrate a deep understanding of the complexity of these challenges. This level of awareness provides a solid foundation for the implementation of significant improvements, as a detailed understanding of obstacles facilitates the formulation of effective strategies aimed at overcoming these challenges. The lack of consensus on the suitability of specific biometric methods indicates the need for careful consideration and evaluation before implementation. Although some guardians find fingerprint scanning suitable, others disagree, highlighting the importance of exploring alternatives that generate greater consensus and confidence within the educational community. The concern and prioritization of data security and protection in the choice of the biometric method are crucial aspects. The educational community recognizes the importance of evaluating efficiency and the need to establish rigorous measures to safeguard students' personal information. This finding emphasizes the relevance of incorporating high-security standards into any implemented biometric system. The demand for regulatory compliance and the need for transparency in the implementation of biometric systems are evident. Guardians support the idea that implementation should comply with regulations and standards, emphasizing the legal framework's importance in the acceptance of these technologies. The request for complete information to guardians highlights the need to establish clear communication channels to foster understanding and acceptance of security and data protection measures associated with the biometric system. The perception that continuous evaluation of security and privacy issues is essential indicates significant awareness of the changing dynamics of these aspects. Support for the idea of constant monitoring suggests a willingness to adapt and continually improve, emphasizing the importance of flexibility and an active response to any changes in the security environment.
Background: The global trend towards implementing biometric systems in educational settings reflects a growing concern for security and efficient resource management. However, this adoption is not uniform and faces substantial variations, especially in regions like Cúcuta, where cultural, legal, and technological factors introduce specific challenges. In a broader context, the adoption of biometric technologies in schools has been driven by the need to enhance security in an increasingly complex world. Factors such as the rise in risk situations, rapid technological evolution, and a growing awareness of the importance of data protection have influenced the decision to implement biometric systems for student entry and exit control. Objective: This study assesses the impact of implementing a biometric system for entry and exit control in public schools in Cúcuta. It focuses on the perception of guardians regarding the effectiveness and security of these systems, as well as identifying challenges and preferences for specific biometric methods. Methodology: Guided by the positivist paradigm and a deductive approach, the research targets parents and guardians of students in public schools in Cúcuta. It employs a Likert survey with 15 questions to gather quantitative data, exploring perceptions of system efficiency and preferences for biometric methods. The target population comprises parents, guardians, or those responsible for students in public schools in Cúcuta. The choice of this population is based on their direct and significant interaction with the biometric control system in the school context. The sample is selected in a stratified manner to ensure representativeness in terms of different educational levels and demographics. Data collection is conducted through a Likert survey with 15 questions, distributed to address specific objectives. The Likert structure facilitates understanding for both respondents and interviewers. Each set of five questions is linked to a particular objective, allowing for a detailed assessment of guardians' perceptions. Results: The survey results reveal palpable concern among guardians regarding the efficiency of current entry and exit procedures in public schools in Cúcuta. Most respondents express dissatisfaction, highlighting deficiencies and indicating a widespread perception of inefficiency in terms of speed and effectiveness. These findings underscore the urgent need for substantial improvements in the management of entry and exit processes. Regarding biometric methods, there is a significant diversity of opinions among guardians. While a considerable percentage considers fingerprint scanning appropriate, a substantial portion disagrees, indicating divergent opinions about its suitability. Facial recognition, on the other hand, raises concerns, with a significant portion not considering it a secure option. The majority belief in the efficiency of other biometric methods highlights the need to explore alternatives that generate greater consensus and confidence among guardians. Data security emerges as a critical factor in the choice of biometric method. A solid majority agrees that data security influences this choice, highlighting the importance attributed to the protection of personal information. Awareness of the need to assess efficiency before implementation is also evident, with a significant percentage supporting this practice. These results underscore the importance of security and pre-implementation evaluation in the acceptance of biometric systems by the educational community. The survey reveals a majority concern about student privacy, indicating that it should be a primary consideration in the implementation of biometric systems in the school environment. The need for rigorous measures to protect biometric data is supported by a resounding percentage of respondents. Additionally, most agree that the implementation of the biometric system should comply with data protection regulations and standards, emphasizing the perceived importance of regulatory compliance in this context. The school community demonstrates a clear demand for transparency and effective communication. A solid percentage supports the idea that the implementation of the biometric system should be accompanied by complete information to guardians. This finding highlights the need to establish clear communication channels to ensure understanding and acceptance of security and data protection measures associated with the biometric system in schools. Conclusions: The detailed evaluation of results confirms an urgent need for substantial improvements in entry and exit procedures in public schools in Cúcuta. Guardians not only identify challenges in the management of student entry and exit but also demonstrate a deep understanding of the complexity of these challenges. This level of awareness provides a solid foundation for the implementation of significant improvements, as a detailed understanding of obstacles facilitates the formulation of effective strategies aimed at overcoming these challenges. The lack of consensus on the suitability of specific biometric methods indicates the need for careful consideration and evaluation before implementation. Although some guardians find fingerprint scanning suitable, others disagree, highlighting the importance of exploring alternatives that generate greater consensus and confidence within the educational community. The concern and prioritization of data security and protection in the choice of the biometric method are crucial aspects. The educational community recognizes the importance of evaluating efficiency and the need to establish rigorous measures to safeguard students' personal information. This finding emphasizes the relevance of incorporating high-security standards into any implemented biometric system. The demand for regulatory compliance and the need for transparency in the implementation of biometric systems are evident. Guardians support the idea that implementation should comply with regulations and standards, emphasizing the legal framework's importance in the acceptance of these technologies. The request for complete information to guardians highlights the need to establish clear communication channels to foster understanding and acceptance of security and data protection measures associated with the biometric system. The perception that continuous evaluation of security and privacy issues is essential indicates significant awareness of the changing dynamics of these aspects. Support for the idea of constant monitoring suggests a willingness to adapt and continually improve, emphasizing the importance of flexibility and an active response to any changes in the security environment.
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Palabras clave
Biométricos, Escuelas públicas, Control de entrada y salida, Percepción de acudientes, Eficiencia y seguridad escolar, Biometrics, Public Schools, Entry and Exit Control, Guardian perception, School efficiency and Security