Manejo de afrontamiento evitativo mediante la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en consumidor de marihuana
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Bravo Pérez, Cindy Nayarlin
Gutiérrez Quintero, Mirian
Suarez Villamizar, María Alejandra
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas afecta enormemente la salud mental y física
de las personas, y en Colombia se destaca el consumo de marihuana produciendo
entre sus adictos el riesgo de padecer dificultades psiquiátricas, neurológicas,
cardíacas y respiratorias, entre ellos ataques de pánico, euforia excesiva, ansiedad
general, desmotivación, depresión y alucinaciones entre otras. El objetivo de este
caso de estudio es analizar la efectividad de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso
(ACT) frente a la modificación del estilo de afrontamiento como respuesta efectiva
del consumo de marihuana en un adulto. En este sentido, se evaluó además de la
abstinencia de la sustancia, las condiciones de vida del paciente en general, con el
fin de asegurar el progreso de la terapia hacia niveles satisfactorios. La metodología
empleada, involucro diversas técnicas terapéuticas para el estudio del caso
mediante un diseño de línea de base múltiple de tipo A-B-A desarrollado en tres
fases: Fase A= línea de base que incluye la aplicación de consentimiento informado,
entrevista semiestructurada, restructuración cognitiva, inventario de Beck, método
de observación y escucha fase B= Programa de intervención. Los resultados indican
el paciente tuvo un mejor control de la ansiedad lo cual se evidencio a partir del
inventario de Beck-II. Por otro lado, el afrontamiento evitativo es de grandes
beneficios para este tipo de casos. En conclusión, la aplicación de las técnicas
terapéuticas produjo resultados adecuados y así mismo el afrontamiento evitativo y
la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) se observaron como herramienta de
intervención prometedoras para los trastornos de ansiedad.
The consumption of psychoactive substances greatly affects the mental and physical health of people, and in Colombia, marijuana consumption stands out, producing among its addicts the risk of suffering psychiatric, neurological, cardiac and respiratory difficulties, including panic attacks, excessive euphoria, general anxiety, lack of motivation, depression and hallucinations, among others. The objective of this case study is to analyze the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) against the modification of the coping style as an effective response to marijuana consumption in an adult. In this sense, in addition to the abstinence from the substance, the patient's general living conditions were evaluated, in order to ensure the progress of the therapy towards satisfactory levels. The methodology used involved various therapeutic techniques for the study of the case through a multiple baseline design of type A-B-A developed in three phases: Phase A = baseline that includes the application of informed consent, semi-structured interview, cognitive restructuring, Beck inventory, observation and listening method Phase B = Intervention program. The results indicate that the patient had better control of anxiety, which was evidenced by the Beck inventory-II. On the other hand, avoidant coping is of great benefits for this type of cases. In conclusion, the application of therapeutic techniques produced adequate results and likewise avoidant coping and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) were observed as promising intervention tools for anxiety disorders.
The consumption of psychoactive substances greatly affects the mental and physical health of people, and in Colombia, marijuana consumption stands out, producing among its addicts the risk of suffering psychiatric, neurological, cardiac and respiratory difficulties, including panic attacks, excessive euphoria, general anxiety, lack of motivation, depression and hallucinations, among others. The objective of this case study is to analyze the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) against the modification of the coping style as an effective response to marijuana consumption in an adult. In this sense, in addition to the abstinence from the substance, the patient's general living conditions were evaluated, in order to ensure the progress of the therapy towards satisfactory levels. The methodology used involved various therapeutic techniques for the study of the case through a multiple baseline design of type A-B-A developed in three phases: Phase A = baseline that includes the application of informed consent, semi-structured interview, cognitive restructuring, Beck inventory, observation and listening method Phase B = Intervention program. The results indicate that the patient had better control of anxiety, which was evidenced by the Beck inventory-II. On the other hand, avoidant coping is of great benefits for this type of cases. In conclusion, the application of therapeutic techniques produced adequate results and likewise avoidant coping and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) were observed as promising intervention tools for anxiety disorders.
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Palabras clave
Ansiedad, Afrontamiento evitativo, Trastorno por consumo de sustancia (Marihuana)
