Justicia digital en Colombia: una mirada a su necesariedad en contextos normativos emergentes
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Fuentes Borja, Leidy Mary
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En Colombia, durante un periodo de más de 20 años los procesos judiciales pasaron del simple procesamiento de la información a través de medio electrónicos a tener la posibilidad de llevar a cabo audiencias virtuales. Esto último tuvo mayor auge con ocasión a la pandemia a causa del COVID-19 que obligó al sistema judicial a implementar herramientas que sirvieran de solución tecnológica a la situación que se estaba presentado. Bajo este contexto, se intenta que exista adaptación, pero la falta de conocimiento y preparación para ello fungió de obstáculo, por tanto, aunque existían avances legislativos que sirvieran de marco regulatorio para la nueva forma de interacción y participación procesal, el Gobierno Nacional tuvo que improvisar con lo que a su alcance tenía. En esa medida, a través del este escrito se quiere reflexionar sobre la preparación normativa de Colombia en materia de justicia digital frente a estas situaciones de emergencia. Para ello se realizará una investigación analítica reflexiva, en la que se aborda, analiza, e interpreta una situación de interés, con enfoque cualitativo, pues se estudiará dentro de un contexto en especial los fenómenos que surgen, incluyendo a las personas implicadas. Así mismo, se utilizará como técnica de recolección la revisión bibliográfica de textos y conceptos relacionados con la temática que permitan nutrir y dar solidez a la investigación. Con eso, en primera instancia se describirá el marco normativo de la justicia digital en Colombia; seguido de enfatizar en los cambios producidos en materia tecnológica judicial durante y con posterioridad a la pandemia; y, por último, se realizará una reflexión crítica, en la que se constata que, la pandemia agilizó la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas tecnológicas que contribuyeran a mantener el aparato judicial y, por ende, a la administración de justicia, pero eso creó un espacio de incertidumbre en el que no había certeza respecto de la forma de actuar, porque las regulaciones normativas existentes no habían sido aplicadas y surgían dudas al hacerlo.
In Colombia, over a period of more than 20 years, judicial processes transitioned from simple electronic information processing to having the possibility of conducting virtual hearings. The latter gained momentum during the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced the judicial system to implement technological solutions to the situation at hand. In this context, efforts were made to facilitate adaptation, but a lack of knowledge and preparedness served as an obstacle. Therefore, despite existing legislative advances that provided a regulatory framework for the new way of procedural interaction and participation, the National Government had to improvise with the tools at its disposal. In this regard, this essay aims to reflect on Colombia's normative preparedness in the field of digital justice in the face of such emergency situations. To achieve this, a qualitative analytical-reflexive investigation will be conducted, addressing, analyzing, and interpreting a situation of interest within a specific context, including the individuals involved. The data collection technique used will be a bibliographic review of texts and concepts related to the topic to enrich and solidify the research. Firstly, the normative framework of digital justice in Colombia will be described, followed by an emphasis on the technological changes that occurred in the judiciary during and after the pandemic. Lastly, a critical reflection will be made, acknowledging that the pandemic expedited the search for new alternatives to support the judicial apparatus and, consequently, the administration of justice. However, this created a space of uncertainty regarding the way forward, as existing regulatory norms had not been applied and doubts arose when attempting to do so.
In Colombia, over a period of more than 20 years, judicial processes transitioned from simple electronic information processing to having the possibility of conducting virtual hearings. The latter gained momentum during the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced the judicial system to implement technological solutions to the situation at hand. In this context, efforts were made to facilitate adaptation, but a lack of knowledge and preparedness served as an obstacle. Therefore, despite existing legislative advances that provided a regulatory framework for the new way of procedural interaction and participation, the National Government had to improvise with the tools at its disposal. In this regard, this essay aims to reflect on Colombia's normative preparedness in the field of digital justice in the face of such emergency situations. To achieve this, a qualitative analytical-reflexive investigation will be conducted, addressing, analyzing, and interpreting a situation of interest within a specific context, including the individuals involved. The data collection technique used will be a bibliographic review of texts and concepts related to the topic to enrich and solidify the research. Firstly, the normative framework of digital justice in Colombia will be described, followed by an emphasis on the technological changes that occurred in the judiciary during and after the pandemic. Lastly, a critical reflection will be made, acknowledging that the pandemic expedited the search for new alternatives to support the judicial apparatus and, consequently, the administration of justice. However, this created a space of uncertainty regarding the way forward, as existing regulatory norms had not been applied and doubts arose when attempting to do so.
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Palabras clave
Justicia digital, Audiencias judiciales, Covid-19, Cuarta revolución industrial, Digital Justice, Judicial Hearings, Fourth Industrial revolution
