Diagnóstico de las finanzas públicas en el departamento del Magdalena (2020-2023)
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Caballero Carrillo, Claudia
Ferrer Vargas, Efraín
Ibáñez Segura, Andrea
Mestra Cálao, Carlos
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un diagnóstico integral de las
finanzas públicas del Departamento del Magdalena durante el periodo 2020-2023. En este
lapso, la región enfrentó significativos retos económicos derivados de la pandemia del COVID 19, el bajo crecimiento económico nacional y las condiciones estructurales de la Región Caribe,
como la alta informalidad, la pobreza y el desempleo. El estudio evalúa la eficiencia en la gestión
de los recursos públicos, la sostenibilidad fiscal y el impacto social de la administración
financiera departamental. Entre los hallazgos clave se destacan la baja ejecución del
presupuesto en áreas vitales como salud, educación e infraestructura, la alta dependencia de
fuentes de ingreso no sostenibles, y el crecimiento de la deuda pública. Además, se identifican
fallas estructurales como la corrupción, la falta de transparencia y la limitada capacidad
administrativa para enfrentar crisis económicas. El diagnóstico se apoya en un análisis del
contexto económico nacional y regional, evidenciando que el Magdalena no ha logrado
capitalizar plenamente su potencial económico, a pesar de contar con sectores estratégicos
como el turismo, la agricultura y el comercio portuario. Las transferencias del gobierno nacional
no han sido aprovechadas eficientemente, lo que ha limitado el impacto social de las inversiones
públicas. Este estudio propone recomendaciones orientadas al fortalecimiento institucional,
modernización tributaria, mejora en la ejecución presupuestal y mayor control fiscal, con el fin
de promover un modelo de gestión más eficiente, transparente y alineado con el desarrollo
económico y social del departamento.
This research project aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the public finances of the Department of Magdalena during the 2020–2023 period. Throughout this time, the region faced significant economic challenges stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, weak national economic growth, and the structural conditions of the Caribbean region, such as high informality, poverty, and unemployment. The study evaluates the efficiency in the management of public resources, fiscal sustainability, and the social impact of the department’s financial administration. Key findings include the under-execution of the budget in critical areas such as health, education, and infrastructure; high dependence on unsustainable income sources; and the growth of public debt. Additionally, structural issues were identified, such as corruption, lack of transparency, and limited administrative capacity to respond to economic crises.The diagnosis is supported by an analysis of the national and regional economic context, revealing that Magdalena has not fully capitalized on its economic potential, despite having strategic sectors like tourism, agriculture, and port commerce. National government transfers have not been efficiently utilized, which has limited the social impact of public investments. This study offers recommendations focused on strengthening institutions, modernizing the tax system, improving budget execution, and enhancing fiscal oversight, with the goal of promoting a more efficient, transparent, and development-oriented financial management model aligned with the economic and social advancement of the departme
This research project aims to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the public finances of the Department of Magdalena during the 2020–2023 period. Throughout this time, the region faced significant economic challenges stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, weak national economic growth, and the structural conditions of the Caribbean region, such as high informality, poverty, and unemployment. The study evaluates the efficiency in the management of public resources, fiscal sustainability, and the social impact of the department’s financial administration. Key findings include the under-execution of the budget in critical areas such as health, education, and infrastructure; high dependence on unsustainable income sources; and the growth of public debt. Additionally, structural issues were identified, such as corruption, lack of transparency, and limited administrative capacity to respond to economic crises.The diagnosis is supported by an analysis of the national and regional economic context, revealing that Magdalena has not fully capitalized on its economic potential, despite having strategic sectors like tourism, agriculture, and port commerce. National government transfers have not been efficiently utilized, which has limited the social impact of public investments. This study offers recommendations focused on strengthening institutions, modernizing the tax system, improving budget execution, and enhancing fiscal oversight, with the goal of promoting a more efficient, transparent, and development-oriented financial management model aligned with the economic and social advancement of the departme
Descripción
Palabras clave
Finanzas públicas, Gestión presupuestal, Ingresos públicos, Gasto público, Deuda pública, Desarrollo sostenible, Administración financiera, Transparencia, Comparación regional
