Relación entre los síntomas prefrontales y las conductas sexuales de riesgo
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Camacho León, Solanggelin
Carvajal Jaimes, Daniela De Los Ángeles
Torres Rivera, Emelith Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Las conductas sexuales de riesgo representan un problema creciente de salud pública, especialmente en adolescentes y universitarios, por su relación con infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y embarazos no deseados. Aunque tradicionalmente se han explicado desde perspectivas sociales, culturales y psicológicas, en los últimos años ha cobrado relevancia un enfoque neuropsicológico que subraya el papel del cerebro en la regulación del comportamiento sexual.
En este contexto, el lóbulo prefrontal se asocia con funciones ejecutivas como la toma de decisiones, el control inhibitorio, la planificación, la autorregulación y el juicio moral. Alteraciones en estas funciones pueden dificultar la anticipación de consecuencias y el control de impulsos, favoreciendo prácticas sexuales riesgosas.
El presente estudio analizó la relación entre síntomas prefrontales y conductas sexuales de riesgo en estudiantes universitarios. Se emplearon instrumentos neuropsicológicos, cuestionarios de conducta sexual y entrevistas semiestructuradas, considerando además variables como consumo de sustancias, educación sexual y factores psicosociales.
Los resultados mostraron una correlación significativa entre déficits en funciones ejecutivas y mayor frecuencia de conductas sexuales de riesgo, especialmente en quienes presentaban dificultades en control inhibitorio, toma de decisiones y planificación. También se observaron diferencias de género en la expresión de estos síntomas. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de integrar la evaluación y el fortalecimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en programas de prevención e intervención en salud
sexual, promoviendo un enfoque multidimensional que articule la neuropsicología con la salud pública
in adolescents and university students, due to its relationship with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies. Although traditionally explained from social, cultural, and psychological perspectives, in recent years a neuropsychological approach has gained relevance, emphasizing the role of the brain in regulating sexual behavior. In this context, the prefrontal lobe is associated with executive functions such as decision-making, inhibitory control, planning, self-regulation, and moral judgment. Impairments in these functions can make it difficult to anticipate consequences and control impulses, leading to risky sexual practices. The present study analyzed the relationship between prefrontal symptoms and risky sexual behaviors in university students. Neuropsychological instruments, sexual behavior questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews were used, also considering variables such as substance use, sex education, and psychosocial factors. The results showed a significant correlation between deficits in executive functions and a higher frequency of risky sexual behaviors, especially in those who had difficulties with inhibitory control, decision-making, and planning. Gender differences in the expression of these symptoms were also observed. These findings highlight the importance of integrating the assessment and strengthening of executive functions into programs.
in adolescents and university students, due to its relationship with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unwanted pregnancies. Although traditionally explained from social, cultural, and psychological perspectives, in recent years a neuropsychological approach has gained relevance, emphasizing the role of the brain in regulating sexual behavior. In this context, the prefrontal lobe is associated with executive functions such as decision-making, inhibitory control, planning, self-regulation, and moral judgment. Impairments in these functions can make it difficult to anticipate consequences and control impulses, leading to risky sexual practices. The present study analyzed the relationship between prefrontal symptoms and risky sexual behaviors in university students. Neuropsychological instruments, sexual behavior questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews were used, also considering variables such as substance use, sex education, and psychosocial factors. The results showed a significant correlation between deficits in executive functions and a higher frequency of risky sexual behaviors, especially in those who had difficulties with inhibitory control, decision-making, and planning. Gender differences in the expression of these symptoms were also observed. These findings highlight the importance of integrating the assessment and strengthening of executive functions into programs.
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Palabras clave
Conductas sexuales de riesgo, Lóbulo prefrontal, Funciones ejecutivas, Impulsividad, Regulación emocional