Cultura de seguridad organizacional y satisfacción laboral: un análisis en el contexto de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Diaz Alemán, Nathalia Isabel
Gil Ruiz, Daniela Isabel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la cultura de seguridad organizacional y la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores en el ámbito de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo.
Materiales y Métodos: Para el desarrollo de esta investigación, se empleó un estudio descriptivo transversal, con el objetivo de evaluar las dimensiones de la cultura organizacional y la satisfacción laboral de los trabajadores. La población objeto de estudio estuvo compuesta por 67 trabajadores de empresas que desarrollan actividades económicas, de construcción y de atención en salud en consulta externa. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos de medición: el Cuestionario Nórdico de Seguridad en el Trabajo (NOSACQ-50) y el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23. Para la aplicación de estas herramientas, se obtuvo la autorización de la alta gerencia de las organizaciones participantes. Posteriormente, se aplicaron los cuestionarios de manera directa a los trabajadores, explicándoles el objetivo de la investigación. Los trabajadores mostraron interés en responder los cuestionarios, lo que facilitó la recopilación de datos. Para el análisis de los datos nuestro equipo de investigación optó por un conjunto de herramientas de Python cuidadosamente seleccionadas. La biblioteca Pandas se convirtió en nuestro aliado principal para el manejo de datos, permitiéndonos depurar y estructurar la información con gran precisión. Para complementar este proceso, recurrimos a NumPy, que nos facilitó la realización de cálculos matemáticos complejos y la obtención de estadísticas esenciales. Con el objetivo de transmitir nuestros hallazgos de manera efectiva, empleamos Matplotlib y Seaborn para crear representaciones visuales claras y reveladoras. Estas herramientas nos permitieron transformar números abstractos en gráficos intuitivos que comunican nuestros resultados de forma accesible. Adicionalmente, para garantizar la coherencia y uniformidad de nuestros datos, implementamos técnicas de expresiones regulares. Este enfoque nos permitió estandarizar los nombres de las columnas en nuestros conjuntos de datos, asegurando así una base sólida para nuestros análisis posteriores. Esta combinación de herramientas no solo potenció nuestra capacidad analítica, sino que también nos permitió abordar los datos con un nivel de detalle y precisión que enriquece significativamente la calidad de nuestras conclusiones.
Resultados: En el análisis de las variables socioeconómicas, se destaca que el 53.73% de los encuestados fueron mujeres, mientras que el 49.25% pertenecen al estrato socioeconómico 2. Además, el 41.79% de los participantes tienen más de 5 años de antigüedad en la empresa, y el 73.13% ocupan cargos operativos; En cuanto a la percepción de seguridad, se observa que hay una cierta aceptación del compromiso con la seguridad por parte de los líderes, aunque hay aspectos por
mejorar. En relación con las decisiones sobre seguridad, el 58.21% de los encuestados está de acuerdo, mientras que el 25.37% está en desacuerdo, lo que indica que se debe seguir trabajando para mejorar los resultados; Respecto a las competencias de seguridad de los líderes, el 55.22% de los trabajadores considera que hay un esfuerzo. Además, el 61.19% de los empleados cree que la empresa los involucra en la toma de decisiones sobre seguridad laboral, mientras que el 23.88% no está de acuerdo, lo que sugiere que hay aspectos por mejorar; En la satisfacción de los empleados sobre su entorno laboral destaca altos niveles de satisfacción en aspectos como la higiene y la satisfacción general. Sin embargo, áreas como la formación y el cumplimiento de convenios presentan oportunidades de mejora para fomentar un ambiente laboral más motivador e inclusivo.
Conclusión: El estudio revela una relación compleja entre la cultura de seguridad organizacional y la satisfacción laboral. Aunque se observa una satisfacción laboral generalmente alta, se identifican áreas críticas en la cultura de seguridad que requieren atención. La divergencia en las percepciones sobre la gestión de la seguridad y la consideración de sugerencias de los empleados indica la necesidad de mejorar la comunicación y el liderazgo en seguridad. Se destaca la importancia de no confundir la satisfacción laboral general con una cultura de seguridad óptima, y se enfatiza la necesidad de un enfoque holístico que integre comunicación efectiva, liderazgo visible en seguridad y desarrollo profesional para forjar un ambiente de trabajo verdaderamente seguro y satisfactorio.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between organizational safety culture and job satisfaction of workers in the context of occupational safety and health. Materials and Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional descriptive study to evaluate the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among workers. The study population comprised 67 employees from companies engaged in economic activities, construction, and outpatient healthcare services. Two measurement instruments were utilized: the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) and the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23. Authorization from the senior management of participating organizations was obtained prior to the application of these tools. Questionnaires were directly administered to workers after explaining the research objective. Workers showed interest in responding to the questionnaires, which facilitated data collection. For data analysis, our research team opted for a carefully selected set of Python tools. The Pandas library became our primary ally for data handling, allowing us to refine and structure the information with great precision. To complement this process, we utilized NumPy, which facilitated complex mathematical calculations and the acquisition of essential statistics. To effectively convey our findings, we employed Matplotlib and Seaborn to create clear and revealing visual representations. These tools allowed us to transform abstract numbers into intuitive graphics that communicate our results accessibly. Additionally, to ensure data coherence and uniformity, we implemented regular expression techniques. This approach allowed us to standardize column names in our datasets, thus ensuring a solid foundation for our subsequent analyses. This combination of tools not only enhanced our analytical capacity but also allowed us to approach the data with a level of detail and precision that significantly enriches the quality of our conclusions. Results: In the analysis of socioeconomic variables, it is noteworthy that 53.73% of respondents were women, while 49.25% belong to socioeconomic stratum 2. Furthermore, 41.79% of participants have more than 5 years of tenure in the company, and 73.13% occupy operational positions. Regarding safety perception, there is a certain acceptance of safety commitment by leaders, although there are aspects to improve. In relation to safety decisions, 58.21% of respondents agree, while 25.37% disagree, indicating that further work is needed to improve results. Regarding leaders' safety competencies, 55.22% of workers consider that there is an effort. Additionally, 61.19% of employees believe that the company involves them in occupational safety decision-making, while 23.88% disagree, suggesting that there are aspects to improve. Employee satisfaction with their work environment highlights high levels of satisfaction in aspects such as hygiene and overall satisfaction. However, areas such as training and compliance with agreements present opportunities for improvement to foster a more motivating and inclusive work environment. Conclusion: The study reveals a complex relationship between organizational safety culture and job satisfaction. Although generally high job satisfaction is observed, critical areas in the safety culture that require attention are identified. The divergence in perceptions about safety management and consideration of employee suggestions indicates the need to improve communication and safety leadership. The importance of not confusing general job satisfaction with an optimal safety culture is highlighted, and the need for a holistic approach that integrates effective communication, visible safety leadership, and professional development to forge a truly safe and satisfactory work environment is emphasized.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between organizational safety culture and job satisfaction of workers in the context of occupational safety and health. Materials and Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional descriptive study to evaluate the dimensions of organizational culture and job satisfaction among workers. The study population comprised 67 employees from companies engaged in economic activities, construction, and outpatient healthcare services. Two measurement instruments were utilized: the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) and the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23. Authorization from the senior management of participating organizations was obtained prior to the application of these tools. Questionnaires were directly administered to workers after explaining the research objective. Workers showed interest in responding to the questionnaires, which facilitated data collection. For data analysis, our research team opted for a carefully selected set of Python tools. The Pandas library became our primary ally for data handling, allowing us to refine and structure the information with great precision. To complement this process, we utilized NumPy, which facilitated complex mathematical calculations and the acquisition of essential statistics. To effectively convey our findings, we employed Matplotlib and Seaborn to create clear and revealing visual representations. These tools allowed us to transform abstract numbers into intuitive graphics that communicate our results accessibly. Additionally, to ensure data coherence and uniformity, we implemented regular expression techniques. This approach allowed us to standardize column names in our datasets, thus ensuring a solid foundation for our subsequent analyses. This combination of tools not only enhanced our analytical capacity but also allowed us to approach the data with a level of detail and precision that significantly enriches the quality of our conclusions. Results: In the analysis of socioeconomic variables, it is noteworthy that 53.73% of respondents were women, while 49.25% belong to socioeconomic stratum 2. Furthermore, 41.79% of participants have more than 5 years of tenure in the company, and 73.13% occupy operational positions. Regarding safety perception, there is a certain acceptance of safety commitment by leaders, although there are aspects to improve. In relation to safety decisions, 58.21% of respondents agree, while 25.37% disagree, indicating that further work is needed to improve results. Regarding leaders' safety competencies, 55.22% of workers consider that there is an effort. Additionally, 61.19% of employees believe that the company involves them in occupational safety decision-making, while 23.88% disagree, suggesting that there are aspects to improve. Employee satisfaction with their work environment highlights high levels of satisfaction in aspects such as hygiene and overall satisfaction. However, areas such as training and compliance with agreements present opportunities for improvement to foster a more motivating and inclusive work environment. Conclusion: The study reveals a complex relationship between organizational safety culture and job satisfaction. Although generally high job satisfaction is observed, critical areas in the safety culture that require attention are identified. The divergence in perceptions about safety management and consideration of employee suggestions indicates the need to improve communication and safety leadership. The importance of not confusing general job satisfaction with an optimal safety culture is highlighted, and the need for a holistic approach that integrates effective communication, visible safety leadership, and professional development to forge a truly safe and satisfactory work environment is emphasized.
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Palabras clave
Cultura organizacional, Satisfacción en el trabajo, Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo
