Causas de la omisión en el pago de seguridad y prestaciones sociales a las empleadas domésticas por parte de los empleadores
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Llanos Bolaño, Daniela Patricia
Suarez Rojas, Danna Valentina
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El trabajo doméstico ha sido una actividad esencial en el sostenimiento de los hogares y la
economía, pero históricamente se ha estado caracterizado por la informalidad y la falta de
reconocimiento como trabajo formal. En Colombia, las empleadas domésticas se enfrentan a
desafíos significativos, como la falta de acceso a contratos formales que garantizan derechos
laborales básicos, incluyendo la seguridad y las prestaciones sociales. Aunque el país ha
ratificado acuerdosinternacionales, como el Convenio 189 de la Organización Internacional del
Trabajo (OIT), y ha implementado leyes nacionales que buscan proteger a estas trabajadoras,
muchas empleadas domésticas aún no gozan de estos derechos debido a la omisión en el
cumplimiento. de las normativas por parte de los trabajadores.
La investigación busca comprender las razones que explican esta omisión, analizando factores
culturales, sociales y económicos que contribuyen a perpetuar la precariedad laboral en el sector
del trabajo doméstico. Factores como la discriminación histórica, la percepción social de
inferioridad del trabajo doméstico y la falta de mecanismos efectivos de supervisión y sanción
juegan un papel crucial en la perpetuación de estas prácticas. Además, la falta de acceso a
recursos legales por parte de las trabajadoras domésticas, quienes suelen provenir de sectores
vulnerables, dificulta su capacidad para exigir el cumplimiento de sus derechos.
Este proyecto se enfoca en analizar estos factores y proponer estrategias para mejorar las
condiciones laborales de las empleadas domésticas en Colombia. Se utilizará un enfoque
cualitativo, basado en entrevistas y análisis documental, para obtener una comprensión profunda
del problema. Se espera que los resultados de esta investigación contribuyan a la formulación de
políticas públicas más efectivas que garanticen el respeto a los derechos laborales de las
trabajadoras domésticas y promuevan su inclusión y protección dentro del mercado laboral
formal.
Domestic work has been an essential activity in sustaining households and the economy, but historically it has been characterized by informality and lack of recognition as formal work. In Colombia, domestic workers face significant challenges, such as lack of access to formal contractsthat guarantee basic labor rights, including social security and social benefits. Although the country has ratified international agreements, such as Convention 189 of the International Labor Organization (ILO), and hasimplemented national lawsthat seek to protect these workers, many domestic employees still do not enjoy these rights due to failure to comply of regulations by workers. The research seeks to understand the reasonsthat explain this omission, analyzing cultural, social and economic factors that contribute to perpetuating job insecurity in the domestic work sector. Factors such as historical discrimination, the social perception of the inferiority of domestic work, and the lack of effective supervision and sanction mechanisms play a crucial role in the perpetuation of these practices. Furthermore, the lack of access to legal resources by domestic workers, who usually come from vulnerable sectors, hinders their ability to demand compliance with their rights. This project focuses on analyzing these factors and proposing strategies to improve the working conditions of domestic employees in Colombia. A qualitative approach, based on interviews and documentary analysis, will be used to obtain a deep understanding of the problem. It is expected that the results of this research will contribute to the formulation of more effective public policies that guarantee respect for the labor rights of domestic workers and promote their inclusion and protection within the formal labor market.
Domestic work has been an essential activity in sustaining households and the economy, but historically it has been characterized by informality and lack of recognition as formal work. In Colombia, domestic workers face significant challenges, such as lack of access to formal contractsthat guarantee basic labor rights, including social security and social benefits. Although the country has ratified international agreements, such as Convention 189 of the International Labor Organization (ILO), and hasimplemented national lawsthat seek to protect these workers, many domestic employees still do not enjoy these rights due to failure to comply of regulations by workers. The research seeks to understand the reasonsthat explain this omission, analyzing cultural, social and economic factors that contribute to perpetuating job insecurity in the domestic work sector. Factors such as historical discrimination, the social perception of the inferiority of domestic work, and the lack of effective supervision and sanction mechanisms play a crucial role in the perpetuation of these practices. Furthermore, the lack of access to legal resources by domestic workers, who usually come from vulnerable sectors, hinders their ability to demand compliance with their rights. This project focuses on analyzing these factors and proposing strategies to improve the working conditions of domestic employees in Colombia. A qualitative approach, based on interviews and documentary analysis, will be used to obtain a deep understanding of the problem. It is expected that the results of this research will contribute to the formulation of more effective public policies that guarantee respect for the labor rights of domestic workers and promote their inclusion and protection within the formal labor market.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Trabajo doméstico, Seguridad social, Prestaciones laborales, Informalidad laboral, Derechos laborales
