Propuesta de un modelo de gestión local para la preservación de la certificación en turismo sostenible en el municipio de Usiacurí (Atlántico)
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Amaranto Padilla, Eduardo José
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
En la actualidad, el sector turístico muestra un comportamiento direccionado hacia el crecimiento de la demanda de servicios a nivel general, lo cual repercute positivamente en el ámbito económico, sin embargo, en términos ambientales y socio culturales, surgen muchas incógnitas sobre el impacto que ocasiona la utilización de los recursos naturales a gran escala y los riesgos sociales que se derivan. A nivel internacional y nacional se viene trabajando para que el turismo no se convierta en destructor de la naturaleza, de la cultura y los aspectos sociales de los destinos y sus residentes, y que signifique un mejoramiento en a economía interna; por ello se han elevado y construido normas que se deben implementar para garantizar que esto ocurra. En Colomba existen las Normas técnicas Sectoriales, que son aplicables a toda la cadena de valor del turismo, alojamientos, agencias de viajes, empresas transportadoras, parques, empresas encargadas a la organización de eventos y también áreas turísticas y playas. Estas normas están discriminadas así: NTS TS 001-1, NTS TS 001-2 hasta la NTS TS 007 y alrededor de dos decenas de destinos, o municipios con vocación turística han implementado la NTS TS 001-1 y se han certificado como destinos turísticos sostenibles; Usiacurí, en el Atlántico es uno de ellos, quien logró certificarse en el año 2018, y recertificarse en el año 2023 bajo la NTS 001-1. A partir de esta clase de situaciones, surgió la necesidad de llevar a cabo la investigación denominada; propuesta de un modelo de gestión local para la preservación de la certificación en turismo sostenible en el Municipio de Usiacurí Atlántico. Teniendo en cuenta que dicha localidad posee una amplia gama de atractivos que despiertan el interés de los viajeros que buscan conocer sitios emblemáticos, y que además es el único municipio del Departamento del Atlántico que está Certificado en Turismo Sostenible. Cabe indicar que para cumplir con las labores investigativas, fue necesario apoyarse en una metodología basada en el enfoque cualitativo, con un alcance descriptivo limitado a observar el comportamiento de la variable para luego proceder a describir su desenvolvimiento en el epicentro del problema, que para este caso sería el portafolio de ecosistemas naturales que posee la municipalidad estudiada, habría que agregar además, que el diseño utilizado guarda congruencia con el mecanismo no experimental de campo, el cual se distingue por no aplicar ningún experimento científico en laboratorio para efectuar la búsqueda de datos, por el contrario se elaboró un instrumento de recolección de información dirigido a una población de 90 unidades que formaron parte del universo poblacional, a quienes se les aplicó la respectiva entrevista. Los resultados más significativos dejaron al descubierto que el modelo de gestión local que se viene ejerciendo promueve la sostenibilidad turística en la zona, sin embargo, presenta limitante debido a la falta de recursos financieros que provienen de la nación. Por lo tanto, se deben aunar esfuerzos para
asegurar un presupuesto que garantice el mantenimiento de la certificación sostenible de la actividad turística a lo largo del tiempo
Currently, the tourism sector shows a behavior directed towards the growth of demand for services at a general level, which has a positive impact on the economic field; however, in environmental and sociocultural terms, many unknowns arise about the impact it causes. the use of natural resources on a large scale and the resulting social risks. At an international and national level, work is being done so that tourism does not become a destroyer of nature, culture and the social aspects of destinations and their residents, and that it means an improvement in an internal economy; For this reason, standards have been raised and built that must be implemented to guarantee that this happens. In Colombia there are Sectoral Technical Standards, which are applicable to the entire tourism value chain, accommodations, travel agencies, transport companies, parks, companies in charge of organizing events and also tourist areas and beaches. These standards are classified as follows: NTS TS 001-1, NTS TS 001-2 up to NTS TS 007 and around two dozen destinations or municipalities with a tourist vocation have implemented NTS TS 001-1 and have been certified as tourist destinations. . sustainable; Usiacurí, in the Atlantic, is one of them, who managed to certify in 2018, and recertify in 2023 under NTS 001-1. From this type of situations, the need arose to carry out the research called; proposal for a local management model for the preservation of sustainable tourism certification in the Municipality of Usiacurí Atlántico. Taking into account that said town has a wide range of attractions that arouse the interest of travelers seeking to visit emblematic sites, and that it is also the only municipality in the Department of Atlántico that is Certified in Sustainable Tourism. It should be noted that to carry out the research tasks, it was necessary to rely on a methodology based on the qualitative approach, with a descriptive scope limited to observing the behavior of the variable and then proceeding to describe its development at the epicenter of the problem, which for this purpose case would be the portfolio of natural ecosystems that the municipality studied has, it should also be added that the design used is consistent with the non- experimental field mechanism, which is distinguished by not applying any scientific experiment in the laboratory to carry out the data search. On the contrary, an information collection instrument was developed aimed at a population of 90 units that were part of the population universe, to whom the respective interview was applied. The most significant results revealed that the local management model that has been implemented promotes tourism sustainability in the area, however, it presents limitations due to the lack of financial resources that come from the nation. Therefore, efforts must be combined to ensure a budget that guarantees the maintenance of sustainable certification of tourism activity over time.
Currently, the tourism sector shows a behavior directed towards the growth of demand for services at a general level, which has a positive impact on the economic field; however, in environmental and sociocultural terms, many unknowns arise about the impact it causes. the use of natural resources on a large scale and the resulting social risks. At an international and national level, work is being done so that tourism does not become a destroyer of nature, culture and the social aspects of destinations and their residents, and that it means an improvement in an internal economy; For this reason, standards have been raised and built that must be implemented to guarantee that this happens. In Colombia there are Sectoral Technical Standards, which are applicable to the entire tourism value chain, accommodations, travel agencies, transport companies, parks, companies in charge of organizing events and also tourist areas and beaches. These standards are classified as follows: NTS TS 001-1, NTS TS 001-2 up to NTS TS 007 and around two dozen destinations or municipalities with a tourist vocation have implemented NTS TS 001-1 and have been certified as tourist destinations. . sustainable; Usiacurí, in the Atlantic, is one of them, who managed to certify in 2018, and recertify in 2023 under NTS 001-1. From this type of situations, the need arose to carry out the research called; proposal for a local management model for the preservation of sustainable tourism certification in the Municipality of Usiacurí Atlántico. Taking into account that said town has a wide range of attractions that arouse the interest of travelers seeking to visit emblematic sites, and that it is also the only municipality in the Department of Atlántico that is Certified in Sustainable Tourism. It should be noted that to carry out the research tasks, it was necessary to rely on a methodology based on the qualitative approach, with a descriptive scope limited to observing the behavior of the variable and then proceeding to describe its development at the epicenter of the problem, which for this purpose case would be the portfolio of natural ecosystems that the municipality studied has, it should also be added that the design used is consistent with the non- experimental field mechanism, which is distinguished by not applying any scientific experiment in the laboratory to carry out the data search. On the contrary, an information collection instrument was developed aimed at a population of 90 units that were part of the population universe, to whom the respective interview was applied. The most significant results revealed that the local management model that has been implemented promotes tourism sustainability in the area, however, it presents limitations due to the lack of financial resources that come from the nation. Therefore, efforts must be combined to ensure a budget that guarantees the maintenance of sustainable certification of tourism activity over time.
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Palabras clave
Actores turísticos, Sostenibilidad ambiental, Ecosistemas, Turismo, Etnoturismo
