Manejo clínico de la depresión a través de la terapia de activación conductual en paciente hospitalizada en unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI)
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Torres Torres, Juan Carlos
Urquijo Acevedo, Rudy Mariana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La depresión es un trastorno mental caracterizado por tristeza constante y pérdida
prolongada del interés en las actividades que normalmente generan satisfacción.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer la efectividad de la implementación de un
modelo de intervención breve de activación conductual en pacientes con depresión
hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidado intensivo. El caso clínico se realizó con
paciente de género femenino, remitida del servicio de urgencias a la unidad de
cuidados intensivos (UCI), producto de intencionalidad suicida por intoxicación
medicamentosa, con estancia hospitalaria de tres días. Actualmente posee estado
de ánimo bajo la mayor parte del día y alteraciones que causan malestar
clínicamente significativo en las áreas de funcionamiento social, laboral, familiar y
de pareja. El estudio se realizó con un diseño de caso clínico de línea de base
múltiple de tipo A-B-A. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron para la valoración
psicológica fueron la entrevista semiestructurada, el inventario de la depresión de
Beck-II y el modelo de formulación de caso clínico, obteniendo indicadores de
depresión grave que correlacionan con la entrevista. A partir de los resultados
obtenidos, se propone la implementación del tratamiento breve de activación
conductual para la depresión (BATD-R) con el objetivo de aumentar el nivel de
actividad y estado de ánimo de GD. Se constituyó de tres fases y seis sesiones con
una duración de 1 hora aproximadamente. Se concluye la importancia de
implementar modelos de intervención breves y que generen mejoría de la sintomatología emocional del paciente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, dada
la brevedad de la estancia en UCI.
Depression is a mental disorder characterized by constant sadness and prolonged loss of interest in activities that normally generate satisfaction. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing a brief behavioral activation intervention model in patients with depression hospitalized in an intensive care unit. The clinical case was carried out with a female patient, referred from the emergency department to the intensive care unit (ICU), due to suicidal intent due to drug intoxication, with a hospital stay of three days. Currently, she has a low mood most of the day and alterations that cause clinically significant discomfort in the areas of social, work, family and couple functioning. The study was carried out with a multiple baseline clinical case design of type A-B-A. The instruments used for the psychological assessment were the semi-structured interview, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the clinical case formulation model, obtaining indicators of severe depression that correlate with the interview. Based on the results obtained, the implementation of the brief behavioral activation treatment for depression (BATD-R) is proposed with the aim of increasing GD's activity level and mood. It consisted of three phases and six sessions with a duration of approximately 1 hour. The importance of implementing brief intervention models that generate improvement in the emotional symptoms of the patient in intensive care units is concluded, given the shortness of the stay in the ICU.
Depression is a mental disorder characterized by constant sadness and prolonged loss of interest in activities that normally generate satisfaction. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing a brief behavioral activation intervention model in patients with depression hospitalized in an intensive care unit. The clinical case was carried out with a female patient, referred from the emergency department to the intensive care unit (ICU), due to suicidal intent due to drug intoxication, with a hospital stay of three days. Currently, she has a low mood most of the day and alterations that cause clinically significant discomfort in the areas of social, work, family and couple functioning. The study was carried out with a multiple baseline clinical case design of type A-B-A. The instruments used for the psychological assessment were the semi-structured interview, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the clinical case formulation model, obtaining indicators of severe depression that correlate with the interview. Based on the results obtained, the implementation of the brief behavioral activation treatment for depression (BATD-R) is proposed with the aim of increasing GD's activity level and mood. It consisted of three phases and six sessions with a duration of approximately 1 hour. The importance of implementing brief intervention models that generate improvement in the emotional symptoms of the patient in intensive care units is concluded, given the shortness of the stay in the ICU.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Activación conductual, Depresión - Caso clínico, Intento Suicida, UCI
