La gestión de la innovación: Una oportunidad para el tejido empresarial
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Fecha
2025
Autores
González Barrera, Carlos
Suárez Pérez, Katherine
Críales Echeverría, Martha
Jinete González, Ingrid
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
La gestión de la innovación se ha convertido en un factor determinante para el
crecimiento y la sostenibilidad empresarial, especialmente en un contexto global
altamente competitivo. Este estudio analiza la gestión de la innovación como una
oportunidad clave para fortalecer el tejido empresarial y garantizar su
autosostenibilidad en el mercado. A través de una revisión documental de literatura
académica y estudios previos, se identificaron las principales dimensiones que
influyen en la innovación dentro de las empresas, los factores internos y externos
que afectan su desarrollo y los modelos de gestión más efectivos en distintos
sectores productivos.
En primer lugar, el estudio destaca la necesidad de un enfoque multidimensional
para comprender la innovación empresarial. Se identificaron cuatro dimensiones
fundamentales: organizacional, tecnológica, económica y relacional. En el ámbito
organizacional, se enfatiza la importancia de una cultura innovadora, la gestión del
conocimiento y la estructura colaborativa, elementos esenciales para fomentar la
creatividad y la adopción de nuevas estrategias. En el aspecto tecnológico, la
capacidad de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) y la adopción estratégica de
tecnología fueron señaladas como factores críticos que impulsan la competitividad.
En términos económicos, el acceso a financiamiento, incentivos gubernamentales y
modelos de inversión en innovación juegan un papel crucial en la sostenibilidad de
las iniciativas innovadoras. Finalmente, la dimensión relacional resalta la relevancia
de las redes de colaboración externa con universidades, centros de investigación y
otros actores clave del ecosistema empresarial.
El análisis también abordó los factores internos y externos que afectan la gestión de
la innovación y su impacto en el desempeño y competitividad empresarial. Se
evidenció que el liderazgo, la capacitación del talento humano y la estructura
organizacional flexible potencian la capacidad innovadora de una empresa. En el
entorno externo, la regulación gubernamental, la cooperación interinstitucional y las
tendencias del mercado son determinantes en la adopción y éxito de estrategias
innovadoras. Modelos teóricos como la "Innovación Abierta" de Chesbrough (2003)
y la "Triple Hélice" de Etzkowitz y Leydesdorff (1997) fueron analizados como
estrategias efectivas para fomentar la colaboración entre empresas, universidades
y gobierno.
Asimismo, se identificaron modelos de gestión de la innovación que pueden ser
aplicados en diferentes sectores empresariales. Entre ellos, destacan el modelo de
Innovación Disruptiva, que permite a las empresas desafiar a los líderes del
mercado mediante soluciones novedosas, y el modelo de Capacidades Dinámicas,
que facilita la adaptación organizacional a cambios constantes en el entorno.
También se revisaron enfoques como la Innovación Incremental y las Redes de
Innovación, que han demostrado ser altamente eficaces en sectores como la
biotecnología, la manufactura y la industria digital.
Innovation management has become a determining factor for business growth and sustainability, especially in a highly competitive global context. This study analyzes innovation management as a key opportunity to strengthen the business fabric and ensure its self-sustainability in the market. Through a documentary review of academic literature and previous studies, the main dimensions that influence innovation within companies, the internal and external factors that affect its development, and the most effective management models in different productive sectors were identified. First, the study highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to understanding business innovation. Four fundamental dimensions were identified: organizational, technological, economic, and relational. In the organizational sphere, the importance of an innovative culture, knowledge management, and a collaborative structure is emphasized, essential elements to promote creativity and the adoption of new strategies. In the technological aspect, the capacity for research and development (R&D) and the strategic adoption of technology were identified as critical factors that drive competitiveness. In economic terms, access to financing, government incentives, and investment models in innovation play a crucial role in the sustainability of innovative initiatives. Finally, the relational dimension highlights the relevance of external collaboration networks with universities, research centers, and other key players in the business ecosystem. The analysis also addressed the internal and external factors that affect innovation management and its impact on business performance and competitiveness. It was evident that leadership, the training of human talent, and a flexible organizational structure enhance a company's innovative capacity. In the external environment, government regulation, inter-institutional cooperation, and market trends are determinants in the adoption and success of innovative strategies. Theoretical models such as Chesbrough's "Open Innovation" (2003) and Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff's "Triple Helix" (1997) were analyzed as effective strategies to promote collaboration between companies, universities, and government. Likewise, innovation management models that can be applied in different business sectors were identified. Among them, the Disruptive Innovation model stands out, which allows companies to challenge market leaders through novel solutions, and the Dynamic Capabilities model, which facilitates organizational adaptation to constant changes in the environment. Approaches such as Incremental Innovation and Innovation Networks were also reviewed, which have proven to be highly effective in sectors such as biotechnology, manufacturing, and the digital industry.
Innovation management has become a determining factor for business growth and sustainability, especially in a highly competitive global context. This study analyzes innovation management as a key opportunity to strengthen the business fabric and ensure its self-sustainability in the market. Through a documentary review of academic literature and previous studies, the main dimensions that influence innovation within companies, the internal and external factors that affect its development, and the most effective management models in different productive sectors were identified. First, the study highlights the need for a multidimensional approach to understanding business innovation. Four fundamental dimensions were identified: organizational, technological, economic, and relational. In the organizational sphere, the importance of an innovative culture, knowledge management, and a collaborative structure is emphasized, essential elements to promote creativity and the adoption of new strategies. In the technological aspect, the capacity for research and development (R&D) and the strategic adoption of technology were identified as critical factors that drive competitiveness. In economic terms, access to financing, government incentives, and investment models in innovation play a crucial role in the sustainability of innovative initiatives. Finally, the relational dimension highlights the relevance of external collaboration networks with universities, research centers, and other key players in the business ecosystem. The analysis also addressed the internal and external factors that affect innovation management and its impact on business performance and competitiveness. It was evident that leadership, the training of human talent, and a flexible organizational structure enhance a company's innovative capacity. In the external environment, government regulation, inter-institutional cooperation, and market trends are determinants in the adoption and success of innovative strategies. Theoretical models such as Chesbrough's "Open Innovation" (2003) and Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff's "Triple Helix" (1997) were analyzed as effective strategies to promote collaboration between companies, universities, and government. Likewise, innovation management models that can be applied in different business sectors were identified. Among them, the Disruptive Innovation model stands out, which allows companies to challenge market leaders through novel solutions, and the Dynamic Capabilities model, which facilitates organizational adaptation to constant changes in the environment. Approaches such as Incremental Innovation and Innovation Networks were also reviewed, which have proven to be highly effective in sectors such as biotechnology, manufacturing, and the digital industry.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Gestión de la innovación, Competitividad empresarial, Cultura organizacional, Modelos de innovación, Ecosistema de innovación, Investigación y desarrollo, Sostenibilidad empresarial
