Criterios que ha establecido la Corte Constitucional para determinar los alimentos en niños, niñas y adolescentes
Fecha
2021
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El derecho de los alimentos se ha establecido a nivel nacional e internacional como parte del mínimo vital para garantizar el desarrollo integral de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, incluso en Colombia se la ha dado a este derecho un rango constitucional, establecido en el artículo 44 de la constitución política, además se han implementado mecanismos como la acción de tutela para efectuar y hacer prevalecer este derecho y que incluya los aspectos necesarios para generar un ambiente sano, pero es preciso mencionar que a pesar de este rango en muchos casos se ven vulnerados y afectados todos estos derechos por parte de los padres o tutores. Con este proyecto se buscó demostrar en que se fundamentan los jueces al momento de dictar las sentencias que le garantizan a los niños, niñas y adolescentes el derecho a la alimentación y que a su vez este mismo proteja su desarrollo integral y eficaz, es por esto que el objetivo general de esta investigación es busco conocer los criterios creados , planteados e implementados por la Corte Constitucional Colombiana para establecer el derecho de los alimentos en los niños, niñas y adolescentes, así como la obligatoriedad de ambos progenitores hacía los hijos e hijas, desde el disfrute de los derechos con los hijos hasta la satisfacción de sus necesidades físicas, alimentarias, educativas y de entretenimiento y además de demostrar los fundamentos en que se basan los jueces para que este derecho fundamental sea cumplido, para así comparar dichos criterios usados por la corte Constitucional. La búsqueda se realizó en el periodo de tiempo transcurrido desde el año 2006 al 2019. La realización de la investigación involucra un método de tipo cualitativo y analítico-descriptivo, porque con ella se buscó recopilar y analizar cuáles son los criterios utilizados por la corte constitucional para establecer el derecho de alimentos, el cual está basado en un diseño documental desarrollado por fichas bibliográficas las cuales fueron clasificadas según su editorial, autor, resumen y citas relacionadas. Sobre el tema de alimentación utilizando las variables derecho de alimentos, interés superior en casos de alimentos y fijación de cuota alimentaria sobre el tema de la alimentación en artículos de revistas, investigaciones académicas, diferentes bases de datos dentro de las cuales se encuentran Vlex, ScienceDirect, Scielo y una revisión extensa de sentencias de la corte constitucional abarcando el periodo de tiempo antes mencionado. El registro de la investigación se obtiene mediante registros electrónicos para así darle continuidad al principio teórico de la
hermenéutica jurídica y los casos limitados de forma esquemática en las líneas del tiempo. Como resultado obtuvimos 3 sentencias relacionadas con un énfasis en el tema de alimentos, las cuales fueron debidamente analizadas para identificar, clasificar y comparar los criterios establecidos en dichas sentencias. Finalmente, se concluyó que los criterios encontrados son concordantes en un aspecto general, todos buscan prevalecer la protección y garantización del derecho de alimentos en todos los casos relacionados con el tema. Derecho de alimentos, interés superior en casos de alimentos y fijación de cuota alimentaria.
The right to food has been established at the national and international level as part of the vital minimum to guarantee the integral development of children and adolescents, even in Colombia this right has been given a constitutional rank, established in article 44 of the political constitution, mechanisms have also been implemented such as the protection action to carry out and enforce this right and that includes the necessary aspects to generate a healthy environment, but it is necessary to mention that despite this range in many cases they are violated and affected all these rights by the parents or guardians. This project sought to demonstrate what the judges are based on when issuing sentences that guarantee children and adolescents the right to food and that in turn this same protects their integral and effective development, that is why that the general objective of this research is to know the criteria created, proposed and implemented by the Colombian Constitutional Court to establish the right to food in children and adolescents, as well as the obligation of both parents towards their sons and daughters, from the enjoyment of rights with the children to the satisfaction of their physical, food, educational and entertainment needs and in addition to demonstrating the grounds on which the judges rely so that this fundamental right is fulfilled, in order to compare said criteria used by the Constitutional court. The search was carried out in the period of time elapsed from 2006 to 2019. The conduct of the research involves a qualitative and analytical-descriptive method, because with it it was sought to collect and analyze what are the criteria used by the constitutional court to establish food law, which is based on a documentary design developed by bibliographic records which were classified according to their publisher, author, summary and related citations on the subject of food using the variables food law, superior interest in cases of food and food quota fixation on the subject of food in journal articles, academic research, different databases including Vlex, ScienceDirect, Scielo and an extensive review of constitutional court rulings covering the period of time aforementioned. The research record is obtained through electronic records in order to give continuity to the theoretical principle of legal hermeneutics and the cases schematically limited in time lines. As a result, we obtained 3 sentences related to an emphasis on food, which were duly analyzed in order to identify, classify and compare the criteria established in said sentences. Finally, it was concluded that the criteria found are consistent in a general aspect, since all seek as a first measure to prevail the protection and guarantee of the right to food in children and adolescents in all cases related to food and health. that this encompasses.
The right to food has been established at the national and international level as part of the vital minimum to guarantee the integral development of children and adolescents, even in Colombia this right has been given a constitutional rank, established in article 44 of the political constitution, mechanisms have also been implemented such as the protection action to carry out and enforce this right and that includes the necessary aspects to generate a healthy environment, but it is necessary to mention that despite this range in many cases they are violated and affected all these rights by the parents or guardians. This project sought to demonstrate what the judges are based on when issuing sentences that guarantee children and adolescents the right to food and that in turn this same protects their integral and effective development, that is why that the general objective of this research is to know the criteria created, proposed and implemented by the Colombian Constitutional Court to establish the right to food in children and adolescents, as well as the obligation of both parents towards their sons and daughters, from the enjoyment of rights with the children to the satisfaction of their physical, food, educational and entertainment needs and in addition to demonstrating the grounds on which the judges rely so that this fundamental right is fulfilled, in order to compare said criteria used by the Constitutional court. The search was carried out in the period of time elapsed from 2006 to 2019. The conduct of the research involves a qualitative and analytical-descriptive method, because with it it was sought to collect and analyze what are the criteria used by the constitutional court to establish food law, which is based on a documentary design developed by bibliographic records which were classified according to their publisher, author, summary and related citations on the subject of food using the variables food law, superior interest in cases of food and food quota fixation on the subject of food in journal articles, academic research, different databases including Vlex, ScienceDirect, Scielo and an extensive review of constitutional court rulings covering the period of time aforementioned. The research record is obtained through electronic records in order to give continuity to the theoretical principle of legal hermeneutics and the cases schematically limited in time lines. As a result, we obtained 3 sentences related to an emphasis on food, which were duly analyzed in order to identify, classify and compare the criteria established in said sentences. Finally, it was concluded that the criteria found are consistent in a general aspect, since all seek as a first measure to prevail the protection and guarantee of the right to food in children and adolescents in all cases related to food and health. that this encompasses.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Derecho de alimentos, Interés superior del menor, Fijación de cuota alimentaria, Right of maintenance, Best interests of the minor, Fixation of alimony
