Diseño de dispositivo tecnológico para el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de adultos mayores en hogares geriátricos de la ciudad de Barranquilla
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Fecha
2023
Autores
De Alba Fernández, Brayan Gilberto
Laskar Pérez, Luis Daniel
Garzón Bolaño, Luis Fernando
Silva Ariza, Abner Esteban
Garcerant Álzate, Jorge Andrés
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
El mantenimiento de la vida independiente y la actividad en comunidad es de vital importancia para los individuos y estos factores se hacen cada vez más relevantes a medida que las personas alcanzan los 60 años y se atenúan cuando llegan a edades superiores o iguales a los 80 (García, 2011).
En Colombia, el DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísticas) estimó que para el 2022 la población de personas mayores de 60 años sería de 7.4 millones, lo cual representaba un total del 14.4%. Se estima que para el año 2031 esta cifra aumentará a 10 millones, lo que daría un total de aproximadamente el 19% de la población actual del país. En este sentido, y haciendo referencia a las intenciones del Estado colombiano de procurar la promoción y el bienestar de las personas en todas las edades, la presente propuesta de investigación tiene como objetivo indagar acerca de aspectos relacionados con la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Se busca determinar un marco centrado en una muestra seleccionada en la ciudad de Barranquilla, conformada por adultos mayores residentes y estacionarios de centros geriátricos, con el fin de contribuir al mejoramiento de su bienestar e independencia mediante el diseño de una aplicación tecnológica que impacte positivamente su calidad de vida.
La propuesta plantea varios objetivos, entre ellos: el levantamiento de información relacionada con el público objetivo y el concepto de calidad de vida, el análisis de la información recopilada y la identificación y aplicación de una metodología para diseñar el producto final en forma de prototipo.
Para el desarrollo de la etapa de análisis y levantamiento de información, se utilizarán instrumentos y técnicas de recolección de datos como encuestas, entrevistas, análisis documental y procesos de observación. En cuanto al desarrollo del prototipo del producto, se aplicará una metodología de diseño denominada Diseño Centrado en el Usuario (DCU), con el objetivo de configurar un producto útil
para el público al que se enfoca este proyecto. Se atenderá al entendimiento del usuario, los requerimientos de sus actividades y las mejoras que se puedan realizar mediante procesos evaluativos, todo ello durante el proceso de diseño del producto.
Por último, la creación del prototipo tiene como objetivo impactar de forma positiva la calidad de vida del público objetivo, así como contribuir indirectamente a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS) del Estado colombiano y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Además, se busca aumentar las estadísticas de generación de productos de nuevo conocimiento para la comunidad académica regional y otros públicos interesados.
Maintaining independent living and community activity is of vital importance for individuals and these factors become increasingly relevant as people reach the age of 60 and are attenuated when they reach ages greater than or equal to 80 (Garcia, 2011). In Colombia, the DANE (National Administrative Department of Statistics) estimated that by 2022 the population of people over 60 years of age would be 7.4 million, representing a total of 14.4%. It is estimated that by 2031 this figure will increase to 10 million, which would give a total of approximately 19% of the country's current population. In this sense and referring to the intentions of the Colombian State to seek the promotion and welfare of people of all ages, this research proposal aims to investigate aspects related to the quality of life of older adults. It seeks to determine a framework focused on a sample selected in the city of Barranquilla, made up of elderly residents and residents of geriatric centers, in order to contribute to the improvement of their welfare and independence through the design of a technological application that positively impacts their quality of life. The proposal has several objectives, among them: the collection of information related to the target public and the concept of quality of life, the analysis of the information gathered, and the identification and application of a methodology to design the final product in the form of a prototype. For the development of the analysis and information gathering stage, data collection instruments and techniques such as surveys, interviews, documentary analysis and observation processes will be used. As for the development of the product prototype, a design methodology called User-Centered Design (UCD) will be applied, with the objective of configuring a useful product for the target audience of this project. The understanding of the user, the requirements of their activities and the improvements that can be made through evaluative processes will be taken into account during the product design process. Finally, the creation of the prototype aims to positively impact the quality of life of the target audience, as well as indirectly contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Colombian State and the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, it seeks to increase the generation statistics of new knowledge products for the regional academic community and other interested audiences.
Maintaining independent living and community activity is of vital importance for individuals and these factors become increasingly relevant as people reach the age of 60 and are attenuated when they reach ages greater than or equal to 80 (Garcia, 2011). In Colombia, the DANE (National Administrative Department of Statistics) estimated that by 2022 the population of people over 60 years of age would be 7.4 million, representing a total of 14.4%. It is estimated that by 2031 this figure will increase to 10 million, which would give a total of approximately 19% of the country's current population. In this sense and referring to the intentions of the Colombian State to seek the promotion and welfare of people of all ages, this research proposal aims to investigate aspects related to the quality of life of older adults. It seeks to determine a framework focused on a sample selected in the city of Barranquilla, made up of elderly residents and residents of geriatric centers, in order to contribute to the improvement of their welfare and independence through the design of a technological application that positively impacts their quality of life. The proposal has several objectives, among them: the collection of information related to the target public and the concept of quality of life, the analysis of the information gathered, and the identification and application of a methodology to design the final product in the form of a prototype. For the development of the analysis and information gathering stage, data collection instruments and techniques such as surveys, interviews, documentary analysis and observation processes will be used. As for the development of the product prototype, a design methodology called User-Centered Design (UCD) will be applied, with the objective of configuring a useful product for the target audience of this project. The understanding of the user, the requirements of their activities and the improvements that can be made through evaluative processes will be taken into account during the product design process. Finally, the creation of the prototype aims to positively impact the quality of life of the target audience, as well as indirectly contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Colombian State and the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition, it seeks to increase the generation statistics of new knowledge products for the regional academic community and other interested audiences.
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Palabras clave
Dispositivo y adultos mayores, Salud y bienestar en adultos mayores, Dispositivo tecnológico para la tercera edad, Diseño tecnológico para adultos mayores, Apps en biomédica, Calidad de vida y adultos mayores, Mejoramiento de calidad de vida en la tercera edad, Diseño de dispositivos en Barranquilla, Dispositivos para geriatría, Diseño centrado en el usuario en geriatría, Device and older adults, Health and wellness in older adults, Technological device for the elderly, Technological design for older adults, Quality of life and older adults, Improving quality of life in the elderly, Device design in Barranquilla, Devices for geriatrics, User-centered design in geriatrics