Perspectiva sociopedagógica para una cultura turística sostenible en educación ancestral del Distrito Turístico y Cultural de Riohacha La Guajira
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Alvarado Pacheco, Armando
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación en el campo de las ciencias de la educación tiene como escenario
territorial la península de La Guajira, territorio habitado ancestralmente por la etnia Wayúu.
Se aborda como objeto de estudio la incidencia de educación en la generación de una
cultura turística, siendo la comunidad involucrada el “Internado Indígena San Antonio de
Aremasain”, ante la transición de una economía a otra, que debe fortalecerse con la
apropiación institucional de elementos socio pedagógicos como los que propone Gadotti, M
(2003) en la línea de Freire, destinada a fortalecer la identidad, los valores, y generar una
cultura propositiva de participación social, económica y cultural, de los jóvenes formados
como futuros ciudadanos, líderes y dirigentes tanto en sus comunidades como en la guajira.
El abordaje metodológico de esta investigación está fundamentado en el paradigma
histórico hermeneútico, el cual está dinamizado con el método etnográfico que permitirá el
desarrollo de las categorías educación, desarrollo territorial y cultura de forma
transdiciplinar y un tipo de investigación cualitativa. Esta tesis está basada en un diseño de
investigación que involucra directivos docentes, docentes y estudiantes del internado, el
cual alberga 1.509 niños y jóvenes estudiantes de las comunidades Wayúu, provenientes del
norte, centro y sur de toda La Guajira. Habiéndose detectado una escasa formación en
turismo, que ha propiciado el origen de un conflicto socio ambiental, con el propósito de
conocer desde qué perspectiva los alumnos pueden propiciar el cambio a una cultura del
cuidado de la naturaleza para fines de recreación y desarrollo turístico.
Esta tesis está centrada en el conflicto socio ambiental, es decir, la enajenación de
territorios ancestrales por partes de foráneos y el impacto negativo ambiental que ha
generado la industria extractiva de la minería. Esta intromisión ha generado el cambio del
modelo socio económico realizado por los nativos. En este contexto, las prácticas
pedagógicas y didácticas, se involucran en una cultura turística sostenible para el
fortalecimiento de la educación turística y conlleve a robustecer nuevos escenarios
educativos en el territorio. Para Salazar, N (2005) el turismo como fenómeno social,
involucra al ser humano, la naturaleza, la política, la cultura, la economía, la educación y
tecnología. Con la presente investigación planteo una propuesta sociopedagógica en la
institución educativa internado indígena san Antonio de Aremasain encontrándose que tiene
una visión descontextualizada, mecanicista, repetitiva y como repuesta a ello desde la
investigación propongo la creación de los lineamientos pedagógicos estratégicos propicios
para una cultura turística emergente en la formación del talento humano como alternativa a
la situación socio-economía del contexto.
The present research in the field of social sciences has as its territorial setting the La Guajira peninsula, a territory ancestrally inhabited by the Wayúu ethnic group. A socio-pedagogical proposal is addressed as an object of study, the community involved is the San Antonio de Aremasain Indigenous Boarding School, in the face of the transition from one economy to another, which must be strengthened with socio-pedagogical elements such as those proposed by Moacir Gadotti in the line of Freire, intended to strengthen the identity, values, and generate a purposeful culture of social, economic and cultural participation, of young people trained as future citizens, leaders and leaders both in their communities and in La Guajira. The methodological approach of this research is based on the historical hermeneutic paradigm, which is energized with the ethnographic method that will allow the development of the categories education, territorial development and culture in a transdisciplinary way. This thesis is based on an ethnographic design, with the directors, teachers and students of the boarding school. The boarding school houses 1,509 children and young students from the Wayúu communities, coming from the north, center and south of all of La Guajira. Little training in tourism has been detected, which has led to the origin of a socioenvironmental conflict, in order to know from what perspective students can promote the change to a culture of use of nature for recreation and tourism development purposes. This thesis is focused on the relationship between the incidence of the socio-environmental conflict (cerrejón) and the alienation of ancestral territories (palomino, Wayira hotel) for the development of tourism. This interference has generated the change in the socio-economic model carried out by the natives. In this context, pedagogical and didactic practices are involved in a sustainable tourism culture to strengthen tourism education leading to strengthening new educational scenarios in the territory. For (Salazar, 2005), tourism as a social phenomenon involves humans, nature, politics, culture, economy, education and technology.
The present research in the field of social sciences has as its territorial setting the La Guajira peninsula, a territory ancestrally inhabited by the Wayúu ethnic group. A socio-pedagogical proposal is addressed as an object of study, the community involved is the San Antonio de Aremasain Indigenous Boarding School, in the face of the transition from one economy to another, which must be strengthened with socio-pedagogical elements such as those proposed by Moacir Gadotti in the line of Freire, intended to strengthen the identity, values, and generate a purposeful culture of social, economic and cultural participation, of young people trained as future citizens, leaders and leaders both in their communities and in La Guajira. The methodological approach of this research is based on the historical hermeneutic paradigm, which is energized with the ethnographic method that will allow the development of the categories education, territorial development and culture in a transdisciplinary way. This thesis is based on an ethnographic design, with the directors, teachers and students of the boarding school. The boarding school houses 1,509 children and young students from the Wayúu communities, coming from the north, center and south of all of La Guajira. Little training in tourism has been detected, which has led to the origin of a socioenvironmental conflict, in order to know from what perspective students can promote the change to a culture of use of nature for recreation and tourism development purposes. This thesis is focused on the relationship between the incidence of the socio-environmental conflict (cerrejón) and the alienation of ancestral territories (palomino, Wayira hotel) for the development of tourism. This interference has generated the change in the socio-economic model carried out by the natives. In this context, pedagogical and didactic practices are involved in a sustainable tourism culture to strengthen tourism education leading to strengthening new educational scenarios in the territory. For (Salazar, 2005), tourism as a social phenomenon involves humans, nature, politics, culture, economy, education and technology.
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Palabras clave
Perspectiva sociopedagógica, Cultura turística, Identidad local, Comunidad Wayúu
