Facultades probatorias de oficio: análisis desde los deberes del juez y la necesidad de un rol probatorio activo de parte del operador judicial
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Valverde Guzmán, Roger Andrés
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La actividad del Juez en el proceso es reglada, y se ejerce con base en las normas sustanciales y procesales que la rigen. Este artículo busca hacer un análisis de apartes de la Jurisprudencia de las Altas Cortes colombianas, de la normatividad, y de algunos de los autores que se han interesado en examinar el deber que le asiste al operador judicial de hacer uso de sus facultades oficiosas en materia probatoria, así como de otros tratadistas que discrepan con este tipo de facultades que tiene el juez a su disposición. Así, haciendo uso de una metodología cualitativa desde un enfoque descriptivo-interpretativo, construir una propuesta que plantea un rol más activo del juez dentro de su función en materia probatoria, en cumplimiento de esos deberes que la Ley le impone respecto a la posibilidad de ejercer sus facultades oficiosas. Todo ello partiendo de la base de la Doctrina que se ha propuesto alrededor de este tema, al igual que de las decisiones judiciales de las Cortes de Cierre en Colombia relacionadas con estas facultades, proponiendo a modo de conclusión, que el juez haga uso de los poderes que tiene en materia probatoria en el momento en que lo considere necesario para hallar la verdad y lograr justicia material, respetando la contradicción de la prueba, así como la imparcialidad que le debe asistir en el proceso.
The Judge's activity in the process is regulated and is exercised based on the substantive and procedural norms that govern it. This article aims to analyze excerpts from the jurisprudence of the Colombian High Courts, the regulations, and some authors who have been interested in examining the duty of the judicial operator to make use of their official powers in evidentiary matters, as well as other scholars who disagree with this type of powers available to the judge. Thus, using a qualitative methodology from a descriptive-interpretative approach, a proposal is constructed that suggests a more active role for the judge within their function in evidentiary matters, in compliance with the duties imposed by the Law regarding the possibility of exercising their official powers. All of this is based on the Doctrine that has been proposed around this topic, as well as on the judicial decisions of the Closing Courts in Colombia related to these powers, proposing as a conclusion that the judge should exercise the powers they have in evidentiary matters whenever they deem it necessary to find the truth and achieve material justice, respecting the contradiction of the evidence, as well as the impartiality that must assist them in the process.
The Judge's activity in the process is regulated and is exercised based on the substantive and procedural norms that govern it. This article aims to analyze excerpts from the jurisprudence of the Colombian High Courts, the regulations, and some authors who have been interested in examining the duty of the judicial operator to make use of their official powers in evidentiary matters, as well as other scholars who disagree with this type of powers available to the judge. Thus, using a qualitative methodology from a descriptive-interpretative approach, a proposal is constructed that suggests a more active role for the judge within their function in evidentiary matters, in compliance with the duties imposed by the Law regarding the possibility of exercising their official powers. All of this is based on the Doctrine that has been proposed around this topic, as well as on the judicial decisions of the Closing Courts in Colombia related to these powers, proposing as a conclusion that the judge should exercise the powers they have in evidentiary matters whenever they deem it necessary to find the truth and achieve material justice, respecting the contradiction of the evidence, as well as the impartiality that must assist them in the process.
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Palabras clave
Juez, Pruebas, Facultades Oficiosas, Deberes, Rol, Poderes, Ley, Jurisprudencia, Doctrina, Verdad, Justicia material, Contradicción, Imparcialidad
