Implicaciones clínicas de la lesión renal aguda, su relación con el grupo etario y la mortalidad en adultos críticamente enfermos con infección por SARS-CoV-2 durante el año 2021
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Acosta Muñoz, Jorge Luis
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
La lesión renal aguda (LRA) es una manifestación grave en pacientes con COVID-19. Su
presencia se relaciona con vigilancia en cuidados intensivos, mayores complicaciones y
un mal pronóstico.
Objetivos: Evaluar las implicaciones clínicas de LRA, su relación con el grupo etario y
la mortalidad en adultos críticamente enfermos con infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Materiales y métodos: Analítico, correlacional, retrospectivo. Se incluyó pacientes ≥18
años con neumonía por SARS-CoV-2, ingresados a cuidados intensivos en Barranquilla
(Colombia) entre enero y diciembre del año 2021. Se dividieron según la presencia de
LRA y se caracterizó acorde a la edad. Los datos se evaluaron mediante regresión
logística univariado. La mortalidad se determinó a través cocientes de riesgos
instantáneos (HR) con intervalos de confianza al 95%.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 199 pacientes. La prevalencia de LRA fue 59.8% y fue
frecuente entre 45 – 65 años. Los pacientes con LRA presentaron APACHE II elevado,
presencia de diabetes mellitus (27.6%), necesidad de VMI (75.4%), aminas vasoactivas
y altos niveles de ferritina y lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH). La presencia de LRA no
influyo en un riesgo de mortalidad (HR = 1.73: IC 95% [1.12 – 2.68]; p = 0.013).
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe manifestation in patients with COVID-19. Its presence is associated with intensive care monitoring, increased complications, and a poor prognosis. Objectives: To assess the clinical implications of AKI, its relationship with age group, and mortality in critically ill adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and Methods: Analytical, correlational, retrospective. Patients ≥18 years of age with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to intensive care in Barranquilla (Colombia) between January and December 2021 were included. They were divided according to the presence of AKI and characterized according to age. Data were evaluated using univariate logistic regression. Mortality was determined using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 199 patients were included. The prevalence of AKI was 59.8% and it was frequent between 45 and 65 years of age. Patients with AKI had elevated APACHE II, presence of diabetes mellitus (27.6%), need for IMV (75.4%), vasoactive amines, and high levels of ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). AKI did not influence the mortality risk (HR = 1.73: 95% CI [1.12 – 2.68]; p = 0.013).
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe manifestation in patients with COVID-19. Its presence is associated with intensive care monitoring, increased complications, and a poor prognosis. Objectives: To assess the clinical implications of AKI, its relationship with age group, and mortality in critically ill adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and Methods: Analytical, correlational, retrospective. Patients ≥18 years of age with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to intensive care in Barranquilla (Colombia) between January and December 2021 were included. They were divided according to the presence of AKI and characterized according to age. Data were evaluated using univariate logistic regression. Mortality was determined using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 199 patients were included. The prevalence of AKI was 59.8% and it was frequent between 45 and 65 years of age. Patients with AKI had elevated APACHE II, presence of diabetes mellitus (27.6%), need for IMV (75.4%), vasoactive amines, and high levels of ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). AKI did not influence the mortality risk (HR = 1.73: 95% CI [1.12 – 2.68]; p = 0.013).
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Palabras clave
Lesión renal aguda, Grupo etario, SARS-CoV-2, Críticamente enfermos
