Análisis de los determinantes sociales y de la salud relacionados con la alimentación y la práctica de actividad física en gestantes y mujeres en periodo de lactancia de dos municipios de Bolívar y en Barranquilla - 2025
datacite.rights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Pinillos Patiño, Yisel | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Herazo Beltrán, Yaneth | |
dc.contributor.advisor | García Jiménez, Rafael | |
dc.contributor.author | Angarita Vidal, Leila Ester | |
dc.contributor.author | López Acendra, Jorge Leonardo | |
dc.contributor.author | Rubiano Santander, Ailyn | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-06-27T14:40:41Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-06-27T14:40:41Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2025 | |
dc.description.abstract | En el Caribe colombiano, la rápida urbanización, la inseguridad alimentaria y las brechas de acceso a servicios preventivos han favorecido una doble carga de malnutrición y sedentarismo en mujeres en edad fértil. Con el fin de describir y comparar los determinantes sociales y sanitarios asociados a la alimentación y la actividad física, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal en 262 mujeres atendidas por la red pública de Barranquilla y los municipios bolivarenses de San Estanislao y Soplaviento (141 gestantes y 121 mujeres en periodo de lactancia). Se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas sobre variables sociodemográficas, historia obstétrica, cuestionario IPAQ-corto, frecuencia cualitativa de consumo, escalas de barreras/facilitadores y estadio de cambio; además se evaluó el estado nutricional mediante peso y talla. El análisis estadístico incluyó distribución de frecuencias y pruebas χ² para contrastar proporciones. Más de la mitad de la muestra presentó exceso de peso (32,4 % sobrepeso; 24,8 % obesidad) y el 72,1 % no cumplió los 150 min/semana recomendados, con inactividad significativamente mayor en las mujeres en periodo de lactancia (78,5 %) que en gestantes (66,7 %; p = 0,033). El patrón dietario se caracterizó por consumo diario de arroz (≈ 95 %) y baja ingesta cotidiana de verduras (≈ 50 %) y pescados (≤ 15 %); una de cada tres mujeres refirió olvidar o no poder costear frutas y verduras. «Falta de tiempo» y «pereza» fueron las barreras predominantes para moverse, mientras que «me hacen sentir bien» y «razones de salud» facilitaron tanto la alimentación como la actividad física. Se concluye que intervenir sobre la organización del tiempo, la consejería nutricional y la prescripción sistemática de ejercicio en la atención prenatal y puerperal resulta imperativo para mitigar la carga cardio metabólica en esta población vulnerable. | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Women of reproductive age in Colombia’s Caribbean region face a converging burden of over-nutrition and physical inactivity, driven by urban sprawl, food insecurity and limited preventive services. This descriptive, cross-sectional study analysed the social and health-related determinants of diet and physical activity in 262 women (141 pregnant, 121 lactating) receiving care from public clinics in Barranquilla and the nearby municipalities of San Estanislao and Soplaviento. Structured questionnaires gathered sociodemographic data, obstetric history, short form IPAQ scores, qualitative food-frequency information, perceived barriers and facilitators, and stages of change; weight and height were measured to classify nutritional status. Frequencies and Pearson’s χ² tests were used for statistical comparisons. Overall, 57 % of participants had excess weight (32.4 % overweight; 24.8 % obesity) and 72.1 % failed to meet the guideline of 150 min of moderate activity per week, with inactivity significantly higher among lactating women (78.5 %) than pregnant women (66.7 %; p = 0.033). Dietary patterns were dominated by daily rice intake (~95 %) and low daily consumption of cooked vegetables (~50 %) and fish (≤ 15 %); one in three women reported forgetting or being unable to afford fruits and vegetables. “Lack of time” and “laziness” emerged as the leading barriers to exercise, whereas “feeling good” and “health reasons” were the main facilitators of both healthy eating and movement. The findings underscore the need for context sensitive interventions that integrate time-management strategies, nutrition counselling and routine exercise prescription into prenatal and postnatal care to curb the growing cardiometabolic burden in this vulnerable population. | eng |
dc.format.mimetype | ||
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/16760 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | |
dc.publisher | Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar | spa |
dc.publisher | Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud | spa |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | eng |
dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.subject | Actividad física | spa |
dc.subject | Salud | spa |
dc.subject | Estilos de vida saludable | spa |
dc.subject | Alimentación saludable | spa |
dc.subject | Embarazo | spa |
dc.subject | Lactancia | spa |
dc.subject.keywords | Physical activity | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Health | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Healthy lifestyles | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Healthy eating | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Pregnancy | eng |
dc.subject.keywords | Lactation (MeSH) | eng |
dc.title | Análisis de los determinantes sociales y de la salud relacionados con la alimentación y la práctica de actividad física en gestantes y mujeres en periodo de lactancia de dos municipios de Bolívar y en Barranquilla - 2025 | spa |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
dc.type.spa | Trabajo de grado máster | |
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dcterms.references | Rebolledo-Cobos CA, Padilla-Cárdenas AK, Orozco-Delgado AR, et al. Actividad física y perfil antropométrico en gestantes de estrato bajo en Barranquilla, Colombia. Duazary. 2023;20(3):34-45. | spa |
dcterms.references | Pinillos-Patiño Y, Kuzmar I, Galeano-Muñoz L, Mendoza-Charris H, Herazo Beltrán Y. Relación entre la práctica de actividad física en embazadas y diabetes gestacional: un estudio transversal. Rev Latinoam Hipertens. 2017;12(5):138- 143. | spa |
dcterms.references | Nansel TR, Lipsky LM, Ringham BM, et al. Maternal ultra-processed food intake during pregnancy and postpartum diet quality. Nutrients. 2022;14:1167. | eng |
dcterms.references | Krukowski RA, Bursac Z, Davis D, et al. Pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational weight gain among women in the US military. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024;32(2):283-291. | eng |
dcterms.references | Okafor UB, Goon DT. Physical activity in pregnancy: beliefs, benefits, and information-seeking practices of South African women. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;14:787-798. | eng |
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dcterms.references | O’Connor H, Meloncelli N, Wilkinson SA, Scott AM, Vincze L, Rushton A, et al. Effective dietary interventions during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta analysis of behavior change techniques to promote healthy eating. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25:112. | eng |
oaire.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
sb.investigacion | Epidemiología, promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades | spa |
sb.programa | Maestría en Salud Pública | spa |
sb.sede | Sede Barranquilla | spa |
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