Evaluación ergonómica del proceso rebabado de bidones de una empresa de alimentos en el distrito de Barranquilla: estudio de caso
Cargando...
Fecha
2023
Autores
Caballero Ibáñez, Greicy Judith
Trespalacios Mattos, Guillermo Rafael
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
El análisis de sistemas de trabajo abarca consideraciones de orden físico, cognitivo
y organizacional desde el cual se busca impactar el aparato productivo, analizando,
evaluando, diseñando, rediseñando y haciendo eficaces y eficientes las múltiples
interacciones entre los elementos de un sistema, de esta forma abarcamos e
integramos un sistema global desde una perspectiva macro ergonómica (análisis
del diseño organizacional de sistemas de trabajo), hacia el enfoque micro
ergonómico que analiza las interacciones entre el usuario, las maquinas,
herramientas y su entorno físico. El objetivo de la investigación fue realizar una
Evaluación Ergonómica del proceso rebabado de bidones de una empresa de
alimentos en el distrito de Barranquilla. La metodología utilizada para este estudio
fue el método Check list OCRA la cual es de tipo descriptivo mixta ya que utiliza
datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, (recogidos mediante observación directa), esta
permite valorar el riesgo asociado al trabajo repetitivo en miembros superiores. En
este estudio de caso, hacemos referencia al puesto de trabajo, inventariando las
tareas, subtareas o acciones técnicas, posturas y tiempos, analizamos la
herramienta de trabajo tipo manual de impacto y otros elementos que aceleran o
ralentizan la ocurrencia de lesiones musculo esqueléticas y osteoarticulares por
trabajo repetitivo en extremidades superiores. Con el resultado del Check List Ocra
aplicado en el proceso de rebabado de bidones en la interacción hombre–
herramienta se obtuvo una puntuación en donde el resultado supera el estándar
sugerido por dicha metodología, con lo cual el nivel de riesgo fue Inaceptable–Alto
y se recomienda como acción de mejora la supervisión médica, mejora del puesto
de trabajo y entrenamiento.
The analysis of work systems covers physical, cognitive and organizational considerations from which it seeks to impact the productive apparatus, analyzing, evaluating, designing, redesigning and making the multiple interactions between the elements of a system effective and efficient, in this way We cover and integrate a global system from a macro ergonomic perspective (analysis of the organizational design of work systems), towards the micro ergonomic approach that analyzes the interactions between the user, machines, tools and their physical environment. The objective of the research was to carry out an Ergonomic Evaluation of the drum deburring process of a food company in the district of Barranquilla. The methodology used for this study was the OCRA Check list method, which is of a mixed descriptive type since it uses qualitative and quantitative data (collected through direct observation), which allows assessing the risk associated with repetitive work on upper limbs. In this case study, we refer to the workplace, inventorying the tasks, subtasks or technical actions, postures and times, we analyze the manual impact work tool and other elements that accelerate or slow down the occurrence of musculoskeletal and osteoarticular injuries. due to repetitive work on the upper extremities. With the result of the Ocra Check List applied in the drum deburring process in the man-tool interaction, a score was obtained where the result exceeds the standard suggested by said methodology, with which the risk level was Unacceptable - High and was recommends medical supervision, job improvement and training as improvement actions.
The analysis of work systems covers physical, cognitive and organizational considerations from which it seeks to impact the productive apparatus, analyzing, evaluating, designing, redesigning and making the multiple interactions between the elements of a system effective and efficient, in this way We cover and integrate a global system from a macro ergonomic perspective (analysis of the organizational design of work systems), towards the micro ergonomic approach that analyzes the interactions between the user, machines, tools and their physical environment. The objective of the research was to carry out an Ergonomic Evaluation of the drum deburring process of a food company in the district of Barranquilla. The methodology used for this study was the OCRA Check list method, which is of a mixed descriptive type since it uses qualitative and quantitative data (collected through direct observation), which allows assessing the risk associated with repetitive work on upper limbs. In this case study, we refer to the workplace, inventorying the tasks, subtasks or technical actions, postures and times, we analyze the manual impact work tool and other elements that accelerate or slow down the occurrence of musculoskeletal and osteoarticular injuries. due to repetitive work on the upper extremities. With the result of the Ocra Check List applied in the drum deburring process in the man-tool interaction, a score was obtained where the result exceeds the standard suggested by said methodology, with which the risk level was Unacceptable - High and was recommends medical supervision, job improvement and training as improvement actions.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Ingeniería humana, Sistema Musculoesquelético, Trastornos traumáticos cumulativos, Human engineering, Musculoskeletal System, Cumulative traumatic disorders
