Funcionamiento familiar y distorsiones cognitivas asociadas a la dependencia emocional en las relaciones de parejas jóvenes universitarias
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Videz Mejia, Yeleimis Paola
Vidal Cubides, Diana Laudith
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación explora la correlación existente entre el funcionamiento familiar y las distorsiones cognitivas que generan dependencia emocional en parejas jóvenes, un fenómeno cada vez más relevante en el contexto actual. Se parte de la premisa de que las dinámicas familiares influyen significativamente en el desarrollo emocional y relacional de los individuos, especialmente en sus relaciones de pareja. El estudio se fundamenta en una metodología cuantitativa, utilizando un diseño descriptivo-correlacional para examinar cómo las variables de cohesión y adaptabilidad familiar se relacionan con las distorsiones cognitivas, desencadenando la dependencia emocional. Para esta investigación, se llevó a cabo una encuesta con una muestra de 106 estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, con edades entre 18 y 29 años, quienes completaron instrumentos como el cuestionario de dependencia emocional (Lemo & Londoño, 2006), el Inventario de pensamientos automáticos (Ruiz & Luján, 1991) y la Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson & Gorall, 2003). Los hallazgos de esta investigación indican que un 50% de los participantes presenta un alto grado de dependencia emocional, caracterizada por una intensa necesidad de afecto y aprobación, así como por una ansiedad por separación significativa. Las características más prominentes de esta dependencia incluyen la búsqueda constante de expresión afectiva y el miedo a la soledad, lo que sugiere un
impacto negativo en su bienestar emocional y en la calidad de sus relaciones interpersonales. En cuanto a las distorsiones cognitivas, se identificaron distorsiones como la falacia de recompensa divina y el filtraje, que son comunes entre los jóvenes con dependencia emocional. Estas distorsiones contribuyen a una interpretación errónea de las relaciones, aumentando la insatisfacción y el malestar emocional. En cuanto a la correlación entre las variables, se evidenció una correlación negativa entre la cohesión familiar y la dependencia emocional. Esto sugiere que, a medida que aumenta la cohesión familiar, disminuye la dependencia emocional en los jóvenes universitarios. Similarmente, la adaptabilidad familiar mostró una correlación negativa con la dependencia emocional. Esto indica que una mayor flexibilidad y capacidad de adaptación en el entorno familiar se asocia con niveles más bajos de dependencia emocional. Por otro lado, las distorsiones cognitivas, como el filtraje, el pensamiento polarizado y la sobregeneralización, presentaron correlaciones positivas con la dependencia emocional. Esto implica que los jóvenes con mayor dependencia emocional tienden a experimentar más distorsiones cognitivas, lo que puede agravar su situación emocional. Esta investigación proporciona una base sólida para entender cómo las dinámicas familiares y los patrones de pensamiento disfuncionales afectan a los jóvenes universitarios, resaltando la urgencia de abordar estos problemas para mejorar su bienestar emocional y la calidad de sus relaciones interpersonales. Adicionalmente,
sugiere la importancia de futuras investigaciones que profundicen en esta temática, considerando factores sociodemográficos y otros aspectos psicológicos que puedan influir en la dependencia emocional. Asimismo, propone estrategias de psicoeducación y terapia cognitivo-conductual para mejorar la gestión emocional y fomentar relaciones más saludables. Con base en lo anterior, es fundamental que profesionales de la psicología continúen profundizando en más variables que contribuyan a esta línea de investigación
This research paper explores the existing correlation between family functioning and cognitive distortions that generate emotional dependence in young couples, a phenomenon increasingly relevant in the current context. It is based on the premise that family dynamics significantly influence the emotional and relational development of individuals, especially in their romantic relationships. The study is grounded in a quantitative methodology, utilizing a descriptive-correlational design to examine how the variables of family cohesion and adaptability relate to cognitive distortions, triggering emotional dependence. For this research, a survey was conducted with a sample of 106 students from Simón Bolívar University, aged between 18 and 29 years, who completed instruments such as the Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (Lemo & Londoño, 2006), the Automatic Thoughts Inventory (Ruiz & Luján, 1991), and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson & Gorall, 2003). The findings of this research indicate that 50% of participants exhibit a high degree of emotional dependence, characterized by an intense need for affection and approval, as well as significant separation anxiety. The most prominent features of this dependence include a constant search for emotional expression and a fear of loneliness, suggesting a negative impact on their emotional well- being and the quality of their interpersonal relationships. Regarding cognitive distortions, distortions such as the divine reward fallacy and filtering were identified, which are common among young people with emotional dependence. These distortions contribute to a misinterpretation of relationships, increasing dissatisfaction and emotional distress. As for the correlation between the variables, a negative correlation was evidenced between family cohesion and emotional dependence. This suggests that as family cohesion increases, emotional dependence decreases in young university students. Similarly, family adaptability showed a negative correlation with emotional dependence, indicating that greater flexibility and adaptability in the family environment are associated with lower levels of emotional dependence. On the other hand, cognitive distortions, such as filtering, polarized thinking, and overgeneralization, presented positive correlations with emotional dependence. This implies that young people with greater emotional dependence tend to experience more cognitive distortions, which may exacerbate their emotional situation. This research provides a solid foundation for understanding how family dynamics and dysfunctional thinking patterns affect young university students, highlighting the urgency of addressing these issues to improve their emotional well-being and the quality of their interpersonal relationships. Additionally, it suggests the importance of future research that delves deeper into this topic, considering sociodemographic factors and other psychological aspects that may influence emotional dependence. It also proposes psychoeducational strategies and cognitive-behavioral therapy to improve emotional management and foster healthier relationships. Based on the above, it is essential for psychology professionals to continue exploring more variables that contribute to this line of research.
This research paper explores the existing correlation between family functioning and cognitive distortions that generate emotional dependence in young couples, a phenomenon increasingly relevant in the current context. It is based on the premise that family dynamics significantly influence the emotional and relational development of individuals, especially in their romantic relationships. The study is grounded in a quantitative methodology, utilizing a descriptive-correlational design to examine how the variables of family cohesion and adaptability relate to cognitive distortions, triggering emotional dependence. For this research, a survey was conducted with a sample of 106 students from Simón Bolívar University, aged between 18 and 29 years, who completed instruments such as the Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (Lemo & Londoño, 2006), the Automatic Thoughts Inventory (Ruiz & Luján, 1991), and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson & Gorall, 2003). The findings of this research indicate that 50% of participants exhibit a high degree of emotional dependence, characterized by an intense need for affection and approval, as well as significant separation anxiety. The most prominent features of this dependence include a constant search for emotional expression and a fear of loneliness, suggesting a negative impact on their emotional well- being and the quality of their interpersonal relationships. Regarding cognitive distortions, distortions such as the divine reward fallacy and filtering were identified, which are common among young people with emotional dependence. These distortions contribute to a misinterpretation of relationships, increasing dissatisfaction and emotional distress. As for the correlation between the variables, a negative correlation was evidenced between family cohesion and emotional dependence. This suggests that as family cohesion increases, emotional dependence decreases in young university students. Similarly, family adaptability showed a negative correlation with emotional dependence, indicating that greater flexibility and adaptability in the family environment are associated with lower levels of emotional dependence. On the other hand, cognitive distortions, such as filtering, polarized thinking, and overgeneralization, presented positive correlations with emotional dependence. This implies that young people with greater emotional dependence tend to experience more cognitive distortions, which may exacerbate their emotional situation. This research provides a solid foundation for understanding how family dynamics and dysfunctional thinking patterns affect young university students, highlighting the urgency of addressing these issues to improve their emotional well-being and the quality of their interpersonal relationships. Additionally, it suggests the importance of future research that delves deeper into this topic, considering sociodemographic factors and other psychological aspects that may influence emotional dependence. It also proposes psychoeducational strategies and cognitive-behavioral therapy to improve emotional management and foster healthier relationships. Based on the above, it is essential for psychology professionals to continue exploring more variables that contribute to this line of research.
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Palabras clave
Dependencia emocional, Distorsiones cognitivas, Funcionamiento familiar, Jóvenes universitarios
