Genes de susceptibilidad asociados al desarrollo de endocarditis y miocarditis: una revisión sistemática
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Fecha
2024
Autores
González Romo, María Mercedes
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Resumen
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) son la causa más representativa de
muerte en el mundo, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), estas se
han denominado la epidemia del siglo XXI. De acuerdo con los últimos reportes
emitidos a nivel mundial, representan cerca del 29,4% de las defunciones
registradas, siendo la endocarditis y la miocarditis las principales enfermedades
infecciosas e inflamatorias con mayor incidencia.
Por lo que este trabajo planteó realizar una revisión sistemática de literatura
científica disponible de los genes de susceptibilidad asociados al desarrollo de
miocarditis y endocarditis reportados en la literatura. El trabajo se realizó entre enero
y noviembre del 2023; se basó en la metodología PRISMA, directrices creadas para
ayudar en la preparación y presentación de revisiones sistemáticas en la literatura
científica. Para esto, se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión que
permitieron la selección de artículos en las bases de datos establecidas y
seleccionar las publicaciones que describieran la relación entre variantes genéticas
y la susceptibilidad para el desarrollo de estas patologías.
Los resultados muestran que se reportaron unos 38 genes de susceptibilidad, 33
asociados con miocarditis y 6 con endocarditis. Estos intervienen principalmente
con procesos de reacción inmunológica, contractilidad muscular, integridad,
señalización celular y procesos metabólicos.
Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de recopilar los genes asociados con
susceptibilidad frente a endocarditis y miocarditis disponibles en la literatura. Esto
proporciona información crucial que permite comprender la fisiopatología de las
enfermedades, para así desarrollar de nuevas estrategias de diagnóstico,
tratamiento y prevención. Estos enfoques más precisos y personalizados son
fundamentales para abordar eficazmente las ECV en general.
En conclusión, el estudio y la comprensión de los genes de susceptibilidad
asociados al desarrollo de miocarditis y endocarditis es importante para el desarrollo
de dianas terapéuticas. Para esto, se debe entender la relación entre los factores
de riesgo, su relación con el medio ambiente, y el abordaje de estudio con modelos
genéticos en animales que permitan replicar sus hallazgos a grupos representativos
de pacientes con etnia y ubicación geográfica dispersa. Para cumplir esto, se
requiere el apoyo en otras áreas del conocimiento que apoyen los avances sobre
estas enfermedades
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most representative cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and have been called the epidemic of the 21st century. According to the latest reports issued worldwide, they represent about 29.4% of registered deaths, with endocarditis and myocarditis being the main infectious and inflammatory diseases with the highest incidence. Therefore, this work proposed to perform a systematic review of the available scientific literature on the susceptibility genes associated with the development of myocarditis and endocarditis reported in the literature. The work was carried out between January and November 2023; it was based on the PRISMA methodology, guidelines created to assist in the preparation and presentation of systematic reviews in the scientific literature. For this, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established that allowed the selection of articles in the established databases and the selection of publications describing the relationship between genetic variants and susceptibility to the development of these pathologies. The results show that some 38 susceptibility genes were reported, 33 associated with myocarditis and 6 with endocarditis. These are mainly involved with immune reaction processes, muscle contractility, integrity, cell signaling and metabolic processes. These findings highlight the importance of compiling the genes associated with susceptibility to endocarditis and myocarditis available in the literature. This provides crucial information that allows us to understand the pathophysiology of the diseases in order to develop new diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies. These more precise and personalized approaches are essential to effectively address CVD in general. In conclusion, the study and understanding of susceptibility genes associated with the development of myocarditis and endocarditis is important for the development of therapeutic targets. For this, it is necessary to understand the relationship between risk factors, their relationship with the environment, and the study approach with genetic models in animals that allow replication of their findings to representative groups of patients with dispersed ethnicity and geographic location. To accomplish this, support from other areas of knowledge is required to support advances in these diseases.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most representative cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and have been called the epidemic of the 21st century. According to the latest reports issued worldwide, they represent about 29.4% of registered deaths, with endocarditis and myocarditis being the main infectious and inflammatory diseases with the highest incidence. Therefore, this work proposed to perform a systematic review of the available scientific literature on the susceptibility genes associated with the development of myocarditis and endocarditis reported in the literature. The work was carried out between January and November 2023; it was based on the PRISMA methodology, guidelines created to assist in the preparation and presentation of systematic reviews in the scientific literature. For this, inclusion and exclusion criteria were established that allowed the selection of articles in the established databases and the selection of publications describing the relationship between genetic variants and susceptibility to the development of these pathologies. The results show that some 38 susceptibility genes were reported, 33 associated with myocarditis and 6 with endocarditis. These are mainly involved with immune reaction processes, muscle contractility, integrity, cell signaling and metabolic processes. These findings highlight the importance of compiling the genes associated with susceptibility to endocarditis and myocarditis available in the literature. This provides crucial information that allows us to understand the pathophysiology of the diseases in order to develop new diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies. These more precise and personalized approaches are essential to effectively address CVD in general. In conclusion, the study and understanding of susceptibility genes associated with the development of myocarditis and endocarditis is important for the development of therapeutic targets. For this, it is necessary to understand the relationship between risk factors, their relationship with the environment, and the study approach with genetic models in animals that allow replication of their findings to representative groups of patients with dispersed ethnicity and geographic location. To accomplish this, support from other areas of knowledge is required to support advances in these diseases.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Enfermedad cardiovascular, Genes de susceptibilidad en miocarditis, Genes de susceptibilidad en endocarditis, Enfermedad cardiovascular infecciosa, Enfermedad cardiovascular inflamatoria, Miocarditis y endocarditis., Endocarditis
