El principio de informalidad en el trámite de la acción de tutela: Un estudio de su aplicación en los juzgados del Circuito de Maicao, La Guajira
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Noriega Duncan, Wendy Lorena
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Esta investigación analiza la aplicación del principio de informalidad en el trámite de las acciones
de tutela en los Juzgados del Circuito de Maicao, La Guajira, con el objetivo de valorar el impacto
de los desafíos que enfrentan estos despachos judiciales, en la aplicación del principio de
informalidad dentro del trámite de la acción de tutela en referencia a la efectividad y la agilidad
del recurso en la protección de los derechos fundamentales durante la vigencia año 2023 – 2024.
Se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto: en la fase cualitativa se desarrolló una revisión
documental, normativa y jurisprudencial; en la fase cuantitativa se aplicaron encuestas a jueces y
funcionarios judiciales del circuito de Maicao, permitiendo triangular hallazgos teóricos y
empíricos. Los resultados revelan que la saturación procesal, la ausencia de formación
especializada, la falta de protocolos internos y la judicialización innecesaria de trámites de tutela
generan una profunda desconexión entre el mandato constitucional de informalidad y su aplicación
práctica. Asimismo, se identificó un uso selectivo de la informalidad procesal, que flexibiliza el
acceso, pero restringe la garantía de fondo, especialmente en contextos de vulnerabilidad. La
investigación confirma la existencia de una paradoja estructural: mientras el principio de
informalidad pretende facilitar el acceso a la justicia, su implementación formalizada y ritualista
reproduce dinámicas de exclusión. Se concluye que superar esta paradoja exige reformas
estructurales orientadas a garantizar la estabilidad judicial, fortalecer la formación constitucional,
reducir la carga procesal o redistribuirla y cerrar la brecha digital.
This research analyzes the application of the principle of informality in the processing of tutela actions in the Circuit Courts of Maicao, La Guajira, with the objective of assessing the impact of the challenges faced by these courts in applying the principle of informality during the processing of tutela actions, particularly in relation to the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanism in protecting fundamental rights during the 2023–2024 period. A mixed methodological approach was employed: in the qualitative phase, a documentary, normative, and jurisprudential review was conducted; in the quantitative phase, surveys were administered to judges and judicial officials of the Maicao circuit, enabling the triangulation of theoretical and empirical findings. The results reveal that procedural saturation, lack of specialized training, absence of internal protocols, and the unnecessary judicialization of tutela proceedings create a profound disconnect between the constitutional mandate of informality and its practical implementation. Additionally, a selective use of procedural informality was identified, which facilitates access but restricts substantive guarantees, especially in contexts of vulnerability. The research confirms the existence of a structural paradox: while the principle of informality is intended to facilitate access to justice, its formalized and ritualistic implementation reproduces dynamics of exclusion. The study concludes that overcoming this paradox requires structural reforms aimed at ensuring judicial stability, strengthening constitutional training, reducing procedural burdens, and closing the digital divide.
This research analyzes the application of the principle of informality in the processing of tutela actions in the Circuit Courts of Maicao, La Guajira, with the objective of assessing the impact of the challenges faced by these courts in applying the principle of informality during the processing of tutela actions, particularly in relation to the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanism in protecting fundamental rights during the 2023–2024 period. A mixed methodological approach was employed: in the qualitative phase, a documentary, normative, and jurisprudential review was conducted; in the quantitative phase, surveys were administered to judges and judicial officials of the Maicao circuit, enabling the triangulation of theoretical and empirical findings. The results reveal that procedural saturation, lack of specialized training, absence of internal protocols, and the unnecessary judicialization of tutela proceedings create a profound disconnect between the constitutional mandate of informality and its practical implementation. Additionally, a selective use of procedural informality was identified, which facilitates access but restricts substantive guarantees, especially in contexts of vulnerability. The research confirms the existence of a structural paradox: while the principle of informality is intended to facilitate access to justice, its formalized and ritualistic implementation reproduces dynamics of exclusion. The study concludes that overcoming this paradox requires structural reforms aimed at ensuring judicial stability, strengthening constitutional training, reducing procedural burdens, and closing the digital divide.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Acción de tutela, Principio de informalidad, Derechos fundamentales, Eficacia jurídica
