Asociación entre calidad de sueño, funciones ejecutivas y nivel de sintomatología depresiva
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Fernández Esquivel, María Fernanda
Quintero Betancourt, María José
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El presente proyecto de investigación aborda la relación entre la calidad del sueño, los
síntomas prefrontales y la sintomatología depresiva en población de San José de Cúcuta, Norte de
Santander, Colombia. Se enmarca en la línea de Psicología Clínica y Neurociencias, y busca
contribuir al Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 3 de la ONU, centrado en la salud y el
bienestar. Parte de la premisa de que la calidad del sueño es un factor clave en la salud mental,
especialmente en personas que presentan niveles de sintomatología depresiva.
Se emplearon tres instrumentos: el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh, la Escala de
Síntomas Prefrontales y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, con el fin de evaluar la calidad de
sueño, las funciones ejecutivas y la sintomatología depresiva, respectivamente. Entre los hallazgos
principales, se evidenció que el 36.6% de la población encuestada presenta deterioro en la calidad
del sueño, resaltando su relevancia como componente fundamental de la salud mental.
Asimismo, se observó que los pacientes con síntomas depresivos tienden a obtener bajos
resultados en pruebas neuropsicológicas, lo cual sugiere un vínculo entre la sintomatología
depresiva y el deterioro de las capacidades cognoscitivas. El estudio también identificó funciones
ejecutivas como la atención, planificación y control inhibitorio como procesos afectados,
esenciales para la regulación emocional y el desempeño diario. Finalmente, se plantea la necesidad
de implementar políticas públicas y programas de intervención que promuevan hábitos de sueño
saludables como estrategia para mejorar el bienestar emocional y cognitivo de la población.
This research project addresses the relationship between sleep quality, prefrontal symptoms, and depressive symptoms in the population of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia. It is part of the Clinical Psychology and Neurosciences research group and seeks to contribute to UN Sustainable Development Goal 3, which focuses on health and well-being. It is based on the premise that sleep quality is a key factor in mental health, especially in people with depressive symptoms. Three instruments were used: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Prefrontal Symptom Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory, to assess sleep quality, executive functions, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Among the main findings, it was evident that 36.6% of the surveyed population presented impaired sleep quality, highlighting its importance as a fundamental component of mental health. Likewise, it was observed that patients with depressive symptoms tend to perform poorly on neuropsychological tests, suggesting a link between depressive symptoms and impaired cognitive abilities. The study also identified executive functions such as attention, planning, and inhibitory control as affected processes, essential for emotional regulation and daily functioning. Finally, it raises the need to implement public policies and intervention programs that promote healthy sleep habits as a strategy to improve the emotional and cognitive well-being of the population.
This research project addresses the relationship between sleep quality, prefrontal symptoms, and depressive symptoms in the population of San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia. It is part of the Clinical Psychology and Neurosciences research group and seeks to contribute to UN Sustainable Development Goal 3, which focuses on health and well-being. It is based on the premise that sleep quality is a key factor in mental health, especially in people with depressive symptoms. Three instruments were used: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Prefrontal Symptom Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory, to assess sleep quality, executive functions, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Among the main findings, it was evident that 36.6% of the surveyed population presented impaired sleep quality, highlighting its importance as a fundamental component of mental health. Likewise, it was observed that patients with depressive symptoms tend to perform poorly on neuropsychological tests, suggesting a link between depressive symptoms and impaired cognitive abilities. The study also identified executive functions such as attention, planning, and inhibitory control as affected processes, essential for emotional regulation and daily functioning. Finally, it raises the need to implement public policies and intervention programs that promote healthy sleep habits as a strategy to improve the emotional and cognitive well-being of the population.
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Palabras clave
Calidad del sueño, Sintomatología depresiva, Funciones ejecutivas, Salud mental, Intervenciones psicológicas