Calidad de vida en familias con niños diagnosticados con trastornos del neurodesarrollo
Cargando...
Fecha
2024
Autores
Fontalvo Polo, Saidith Paola
Gutiérrez Hernández, Keyla Vanessa
Gutiérrez Pallares, Maria Jose
Monroy Coronell, Jaifa María
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Introducción: Este estudio examina la calidad de vida en familias con niños diagnosticados con Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo (TN), enfocado en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH) y los Trastornos del Aprendizaje (TA). La calidad de vida se define como la satisfacción de necesidades en áreas psicológicas, sociales y físicas, influenciada por el entorno familiar y los desafíos específicos del TN.
Método: Se seleccionaron 150 padres de niños con TN, de ambos sexos y con educación mínima media, sin discriminación socioeconómica. Los niños debían tener entre 4 y 18 años, con un diagnóstico clínico confirmado. La Escala de Calidad de Vida Familiar, adaptada para familias con hijos con discapacidades del desarrollo, fue utilizada para recolectar datos, evaluando aspectos económicos, adaptación familiar y recursos familiares.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que no hubo diferencias significativas en la calidad de vida entre los grupos de TN (TEA, TDAH y TA). Las familias, pertenecientes a estratos socioeconómicos similares, enfrentan retos económicos y adaptativos comunes. La mayoría de las familias recibieron tratamiento y orientación adecuados, lo cual contribuyó a una calidad de vida similar. Los trastornos del neurodesarrollo impactan de manera similar en términos de estrés, dolores crónicos, ansiedad y depresión.
Discusión: Las similitudes en la calidad de vida entre los diferentes grupos de TN pueden explicarse por las condiciones socioeconómicas homogéneas y la disponibilidad de servicios de atención médica. Además, la falta de normativas locales para la herramienta de recolección de datos pudo influir en los resultados. Se sugiere que futuras investigaciones evalúen directamente a los niños y midan el rendimiento escolar para obtener una comparación más detallada de la calidad de vida.
Introduction: This study examines the quality of life in families with children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (ND), focusing on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Learning Disorders (LD). Quality of life is defined as the satisfaction of needs in psychological, social, and physical areas, influenced by the family environment and specific ND challenges. Method: A sample of 150 parents of children with ND, of both sexes and minimum secondary education, without socioeconomic discrimination, was selected. Children were required to be between 4 and 18 years old, with a clinically confirmed diagnosis. The Family Quality of Life Scale, adapted for families with children with developmental disabilities, was used to collect data, assessing economic aspects, family adaptation, and family resources. Results: The results showed no significant differences in quality of life among the ND groups (ASD, ADHD, and LD). Families, belonging to similar socioeconomic strata, face common economic and adaptive challenges. Most families received adequate treatment and guidance, contributing to a similar quality of life. Neurodevelopmental disorders similarly impact stress, chronic pain, anxiety, and depression. Discussion: The similarities in quality of life among the different ND groups can be explained by homogeneous socioeconomic conditions and the availability of medical services. Additionally, the lack of local standards for the data collection tool may have influenced the results. Future research should directly assess children and measure academic performance to obtain a more detailed comparison of quality of life.
Introduction: This study examines the quality of life in families with children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (ND), focusing on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Learning Disorders (LD). Quality of life is defined as the satisfaction of needs in psychological, social, and physical areas, influenced by the family environment and specific ND challenges. Method: A sample of 150 parents of children with ND, of both sexes and minimum secondary education, without socioeconomic discrimination, was selected. Children were required to be between 4 and 18 years old, with a clinically confirmed diagnosis. The Family Quality of Life Scale, adapted for families with children with developmental disabilities, was used to collect data, assessing economic aspects, family adaptation, and family resources. Results: The results showed no significant differences in quality of life among the ND groups (ASD, ADHD, and LD). Families, belonging to similar socioeconomic strata, face common economic and adaptive challenges. Most families received adequate treatment and guidance, contributing to a similar quality of life. Neurodevelopmental disorders similarly impact stress, chronic pain, anxiety, and depression. Discussion: The similarities in quality of life among the different ND groups can be explained by homogeneous socioeconomic conditions and the availability of medical services. Additionally, the lack of local standards for the data collection tool may have influenced the results. Future research should directly assess children and measure academic performance to obtain a more detailed comparison of quality of life.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Calidad de vida, Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo, TEA, TDAH
