El Mecanismo eventual de revisión: Incidencias procesales de los fallos o decisiones tomados mediante su aplicación
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Fecha
2024
Autores
España Suarez, Yurlenis
Barros Escamilla, Melissa
Márquez Cassiani, Doraida
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El mecanismo eventual de revisión es una herramienta jurídica fundamental presente en el sistema Colombiano, con el fin de garantizar la unidad y coherencia en la jurisprudencia, principalmente en el campo de las acciones populares y de grupo. Dicho mecanismo se encuentra regulado por los artículos 11 de la Ley 1285 de 2009 y por los artículos 272 a 274 del Código de Procedimiento Administrativo y de lo Contencioso Administrativo (CPACA). La esencia de este mecanismo es lograr la unificación jurisprudencial y evitar criterios contradictorios que puedan surgir de las decisiones de diferentes jueces y tribunales.
Una de las características más relevantes del mecanismo eventual de revisión es que su aplicación no es obligatoria. El Consejo de Estado, como tribunal supremo de lo contencioso administrativo, tiene la facultad de seleccionar qué casos revisará, lo que implica que puede optar por no revisar determinadas sentencias. Este hecho marca la naturaleza eventual del mecanismo y señala que no se considera como una tercera instancia, ya que las decisiones que se toman en primera y segunda instancia por los tribunales administrativos son finales a menos que se produzca una revisión. Los efectos de este mecanismo son significativos para las partes involucradas en los litigios. Cuando se presenta una solicitud de revisión, esta debe ser formalizada por las partes o por el Ministerio Público dentro de un plazo de ocho días tras la notificación y ejecutoria de la sentencia que dio cierre al proceso. Una vez presentada, la solicitud no puede ser retirada, lo que implica un compromiso por parte del solicitante de seguir adelante con el proceso de revisión. En el caso de que el Consejo de Estado acepte la revisión y decida modificar o anular la sentencia de un tribunal administrativo, esta
decisión será considerada como última ratio y, en general, incluirá una indemnización colectiva para todas las partes afectadas, que será pagada a través del Fondo para la Defensa de los Derechos e Intereses Colectivos administrado por la Defensoría del Pueblo.
The eventual review mechanism is a fundamental legal tool in the Colombian system that seeks to ensure unity and coherence in jurisprudence, especially in the realm of popular and group actions. This mechanism is primarily regulated by Articles 11 of Law 1285 of 2009 and Articles 272 to 274 of the Administrative Procedure Code and the Contentious Administrative Code (CPACA). The essence of this mechanism is to achieve jurisprudential unification and to avoid contradictory criteria that may arise from the decisions of different judges and courts. One of the most relevant characteristics of the eventual review mechanism is that its application is not mandatory. The Council of State, as the supreme court of contentious administrative matters, has the authority to select which cases it will review, meaning it may choose not to review certain judgments. This fact highlights the eventual nature of the mechanism and indicates that it is not considered a third instance, as decisions made in the first and second instances by administrative courts are final unless a review occurs. The effects of this mechanism are significant for the parties involved in the litigation. When a review request is submitted, it must be formalized by the parties or the Public Prosecutor's Office within eight days following the notification and enforcement of the judgment that closed the process. Once submitted, the request cannot be withdrawn, implying a commitment on the part of the requester to proceed with the review process. If the Council of State accepts the review and decides to modify or annul the judgment of an administrative court, this decision will be considered as a last resort and, in general, will include a collective indemnification for all affected parties, to be paid through the Fund for the Defense of Collective Rights and Interests managed by the Ombudsman.
The eventual review mechanism is a fundamental legal tool in the Colombian system that seeks to ensure unity and coherence in jurisprudence, especially in the realm of popular and group actions. This mechanism is primarily regulated by Articles 11 of Law 1285 of 2009 and Articles 272 to 274 of the Administrative Procedure Code and the Contentious Administrative Code (CPACA). The essence of this mechanism is to achieve jurisprudential unification and to avoid contradictory criteria that may arise from the decisions of different judges and courts. One of the most relevant characteristics of the eventual review mechanism is that its application is not mandatory. The Council of State, as the supreme court of contentious administrative matters, has the authority to select which cases it will review, meaning it may choose not to review certain judgments. This fact highlights the eventual nature of the mechanism and indicates that it is not considered a third instance, as decisions made in the first and second instances by administrative courts are final unless a review occurs. The effects of this mechanism are significant for the parties involved in the litigation. When a review request is submitted, it must be formalized by the parties or the Public Prosecutor's Office within eight days following the notification and enforcement of the judgment that closed the process. Once submitted, the request cannot be withdrawn, implying a commitment on the part of the requester to proceed with the review process. If the Council of State accepts the review and decides to modify or annul the judgment of an administrative court, this decision will be considered as a last resort and, in general, will include a collective indemnification for all affected parties, to be paid through the Fund for the Defense of Collective Rights and Interests managed by the Ombudsman.
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Palabras clave
Mecanismo eventual de revisión, Acciones populares, Derechos colectivos, Derecho administrativo
