Psilocibina en el contexto oncológico: abordando la ansiedad y depresión en pacientes con cáncer.
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Vasquez Pantoja, Cesar
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La ansiedad y la depresión son trastornos comunes en pacientes con cáncer,
afectando adversamente su bienestar y pronóstico. La psilocibina, un compuesto
psicoactivo de ciertos hongos, se presenta como un tratamiento prometedor. Esta
revisión sintetiza la evidencia sobre la eficacia y seguridad de la psilocibina para la
ansiedad y depresión en el contexto oncológico. Los estudios revisados indican
que una sola dosis de psilocibina, acompañada de soporte psicológico, puede
inducir mejoras rápidas y duraderas en la ansiedad, depresión, angustia
existencial y calidad de vida. Un estudio aleatorizado controlado cruzado mostró
reducciones en la ansiedad y depresión mantenidas durante 7 semanas con
psilocibina en comparación con placebo. Además, una investigación observacional
retrospectiva encontró disminuciones en estos síntomas que persistieron hasta 14
meses. La psilocibina también ha demostrado ser beneficiosa para el bienestar
espiritual. En términos de seguridad, no se reportaron efectos adversos graves,
secundarios significativos, ni dependencia. A pesar de estos hallazgos
alentadores, y los resultados de la prueba aplicada a psiquiatras colombianos
sobre sus percepciones acerca de la psilocibina, todos concuerdan en que se
necesitan más estudios clínicos rigurosos y amplios para corroborar estos
resultados. En resumen, aunque preliminares, los datos sugieren que la psilocibina
tiene un potencial considerable como tratamiento seguro, efectivo y de larga
duración para aliviar la ansiedad y depresión, mejorando así la calidad de vida de
los pacientes con cáncer. Investigaciones futuras deberán confirmar su eficacia y
mecanismos de acción. La psilocibina podría representar una opción terapéutica
novedosa en la psico-oncología.
Anxiety and depression are common disorders in cancer patients, adversely affecting their well-being and prognosis. Psilocybin, a psychoactive compound from certain mushrooms, is presented as a promising treatment. This review synthesises the evidence on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin for anxiety and depression in the cancer setting. The studies reviewed indicate that a single dose of psilocybin, accompanied by psychological support, can induce rapid and lasting improvements in anxiety, depression, existential distress and quality of life. A randomised controlled crossover study showed reductions in anxiety and depression maintained for 7 weeks with psilocybin compared to placebo. In addition, retrospective observational research found decreases in these symptoms that persisted for up to 14 months. Psilocybin has also been shown to be beneficial for spiritual well-being. In terms of safety, no serious adverse effects, significant side effects, or dependence were reported. Despite these encouraging findings, and the results of testing Colombian psychiatrists on their perceptions of psilocybin, all agree that further rigorous and large clinical studies are needed to corroborate these results. In summary, although preliminary, the data suggest that psilocybin has considerable potential as a safe, effective and long-lasting treatment to alleviate anxiety and depression, thereby improving the quality of life of cancer patients. Future research should confirm its efficacy and mechanisms of action. Psilocybin could represent a novel therapeutic option in psycho-oncology
Anxiety and depression are common disorders in cancer patients, adversely affecting their well-being and prognosis. Psilocybin, a psychoactive compound from certain mushrooms, is presented as a promising treatment. This review synthesises the evidence on the efficacy and safety of psilocybin for anxiety and depression in the cancer setting. The studies reviewed indicate that a single dose of psilocybin, accompanied by psychological support, can induce rapid and lasting improvements in anxiety, depression, existential distress and quality of life. A randomised controlled crossover study showed reductions in anxiety and depression maintained for 7 weeks with psilocybin compared to placebo. In addition, retrospective observational research found decreases in these symptoms that persisted for up to 14 months. Psilocybin has also been shown to be beneficial for spiritual well-being. In terms of safety, no serious adverse effects, significant side effects, or dependence were reported. Despite these encouraging findings, and the results of testing Colombian psychiatrists on their perceptions of psilocybin, all agree that further rigorous and large clinical studies are needed to corroborate these results. In summary, although preliminary, the data suggest that psilocybin has considerable potential as a safe, effective and long-lasting treatment to alleviate anxiety and depression, thereby improving the quality of life of cancer patients. Future research should confirm its efficacy and mechanisms of action. Psilocybin could represent a novel therapeutic option in psycho-oncology
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Palabras clave
Psilocibina, Cáncer, Depresión, Ansiedad
