Desarrollo de prótesis para pacientes con amputaciones transfalángicas de la mano, accionadas por el muñón y fabricadas a partir de filamentos de poliéster de glicol (PETG)
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Gómez Barreto, Luis Ángel
Oñoro Orellano, Daniel De Jesús
Porta Bastidas, Lauren Jhoanna
Villar Ruiz, Maryulis Sugey
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Las amputaciones de dedos son de las lesiones más comunes a nivel mundial e infortunadamente, las prótesis disponibles suelen ser costosas y no siempre satisfacen las necesidades específicas de los pacientes. Esto subraya una clara necesidad que tiene gran impacto médico y social, de encontrar soluciones efectivas y asequibles que mejoren la funcionalidad y comodidad de los pacientes. En este contexto surge la generación de este proyecto que tiene como objetivo aprovechar el potencial innovador de los filamentos de PETG para diseñar y fabricar prótesis personalizadas y funcionales.
El desarrollo de este proyecto se enmarca, en una investigación de naturaleza aplicada, social y experimental, que adopta un enfoque interdisciplinario al fusionar la ingeniería biomédica con el campo psicológico. Qué parte, de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica y técnica, la adquisición de datos de los pacientes de forma ética, diseño de prótesis personalizadas mediante modelado y fabricación con impresión 3D, empleando filamento PETG, así como, pruebas y retroalimentación con los pacientes a través de entrevistas supervisado con un profesional del ámbito psicológico.
Se espera que la elaboración de esta prótesis resulte en una mejora significativa en la calidad de vida de los usuarios, al cumplir con los objetivos específicos del proyecto. Esto les permitirá recuperar la autonomía y participar plenamente en las actividades cotidianas. Además, este proyecto tiene el potencial de contribuir a la innovación en la rehabilitación al ofrecer alternativas asequibles para pacientes con amputaciones parciales de dedo en miembros superiores, sin exagerar los resultados, pero cumpliendo con los objetivos del trabajo, que incluyen la metodología de diseño, la evaluación preliminar de prótesis, la optimización de fabricación y otros aspectos específicos.
Finger amputations are among the most common injuries worldwide and unfortunately, the available prostheses are often expensive and do not always meet the specific needs of patients. This underlines a clear need that has great medical and social impact, to find effective and affordable solutions that improve the functionality and comfort of patients. In this context arises the generation of this project that aims to take advantage of the innovative potential of PETG filaments to design and manufacture personalized and functional prostheses. The development of this project is framed in research of applied, social and experimental nature, which adopts an interdisciplinary approach by merging biomedical engineering with the psychological field. It starts with an exhaustive review of the scientific and technical literature, the acquisition of patient data in an ethical manner, the design of personalized prostheses through modeling and fabrication with 3D printing, using PETG filament, as well as testing and feedback with patients through supervised interviews with a professional in the psychological field. The development of this prosthesis is expected to result in a significant improvement in the quality of life of the users, by meeting the specific objectives of the project. This will allow them to regain autonomy and participate fully in daily activities. In addition, this project has the potential to contribute to innovation in rehabilitation by offering affordable alternatives for patients with upper limb partial finger amputations, without exaggerating the results, but meeting the objectives of the work, which include design methodology, preliminary prosthesis evaluation, fabrication optimization and other specific aspects.
Finger amputations are among the most common injuries worldwide and unfortunately, the available prostheses are often expensive and do not always meet the specific needs of patients. This underlines a clear need that has great medical and social impact, to find effective and affordable solutions that improve the functionality and comfort of patients. In this context arises the generation of this project that aims to take advantage of the innovative potential of PETG filaments to design and manufacture personalized and functional prostheses. The development of this project is framed in research of applied, social and experimental nature, which adopts an interdisciplinary approach by merging biomedical engineering with the psychological field. It starts with an exhaustive review of the scientific and technical literature, the acquisition of patient data in an ethical manner, the design of personalized prostheses through modeling and fabrication with 3D printing, using PETG filament, as well as testing and feedback with patients through supervised interviews with a professional in the psychological field. The development of this prosthesis is expected to result in a significant improvement in the quality of life of the users, by meeting the specific objectives of the project. This will allow them to regain autonomy and participate fully in daily activities. In addition, this project has the potential to contribute to innovation in rehabilitation by offering affordable alternatives for patients with upper limb partial finger amputations, without exaggerating the results, but meeting the objectives of the work, which include design methodology, preliminary prosthesis evaluation, fabrication optimization and other specific aspects.
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Palabras clave
Amputación, Miembro superior, PETG, Prótesis
