Validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios
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Fecha
2022
Autores
García Álvarez, Diego
Cobo Rendón, Rubia
Hernández Lalinde, Juan Diego
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Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)
Resumen
El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios, así como corroborar la invarianza factorial con respecto al sexo. Participaron un total de 472 estudiantes, todos pertenecientes a una universidad ubicada en Maracaibo, Venezuela. En ambas escalas se probó el ajuste de varios modelos presentados en la literatura, hallando evidencias de validez factorial. Por un lado, la medida de autoeficacia general exhibió índices adecuados en una versión reducida de nueve ítems, mientras que la de autoeficacia académica reportó una adecuación satisfactoria cuando se planteó una estructura abreviada de siete reactivos. La fiabilidad, para ambos cuestionarios, se localizó en el rango comprendido entre valores buenos y excelentes. Por otra parte, el análisis de invarianza mostró que las escalas conservan sus propiedades según sexo, hecho que permite utilizarlas para estimar los factores latentes y realizar contrastes entre personas de ambos sexos. Se concluye que estas escalas son herramientas psicométricas confiables y válidas que pueden ser utilizadas en contextos universitarios para medir constructos como estos, relevantes para el éxito estudiantil.
The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales of general self-efficacy and academic selfefficacy in university students, as well as to assess the factorial invariance with respect to gender. A total of 472 students participated, all belonging to a university located in Maracaibo, Venezuela. In both scales, the adjustment of several models presented in the literature was tested, finding evidence of factorial validity. On the one hand, the general self-efficacy measure exhibited adequate indices in a reduced version of nine items, while the academic self-efficacy measure reported a satisfactory fit when a shortened structure of seven items was proposed. Reliability, for both questionnaires, was located in the range between good and excellent values. Furthermore, the analysis of invariance showed that the scales retain their properties according to sex, a fact that allows them to be used to estimate latent factors and make contrasts between people of both genders. It is concluded that these scales are reliable and valid psychometric tools that can be used in university contexts to measure constructs such as these, relevant to student success.
The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scales of general self-efficacy and academic selfefficacy in university students, as well as to assess the factorial invariance with respect to gender. A total of 472 students participated, all belonging to a university located in Maracaibo, Venezuela. In both scales, the adjustment of several models presented in the literature was tested, finding evidence of factorial validity. On the one hand, the general self-efficacy measure exhibited adequate indices in a reduced version of nine items, while the academic self-efficacy measure reported a satisfactory fit when a shortened structure of seven items was proposed. Reliability, for both questionnaires, was located in the range between good and excellent values. Furthermore, the analysis of invariance showed that the scales retain their properties according to sex, a fact that allows them to be used to estimate latent factors and make contrasts between people of both genders. It is concluded that these scales are reliable and valid psychometric tools that can be used in university contexts to measure constructs such as these, relevant to student success.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Propiedades psicométricas, Validez, Confiabilidad, Autoeficacia, Educación superior, Psychometric properties, Reliability, Self-efficacy, Higher education
Citación
García Álvarez, D., Cobo Rendón, R., & Hernández Lalinde, J. D. (2022). Validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de las escalas de autoeficacia general y autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios (Validity, reliability and factorial invariance of the general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy scales in university students). Retos, 46, 1093–1104. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.94281
