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El consumo de fibra dietética está inversamente asociado con el estado nutricional antropométrico y con los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico en niños y adolescentes

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dc.contributor.authorSouki, Aida
dc.contributor.authorGarcía, Doris
dc.contributor.authorParra, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorValbuena, Maria
dc.contributor.authorAraujo, Sylvia
dc.contributor.authorRuiz, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorChávez, Mervin
dc.contributor.authorVega, Marinela
dc.contributor.authorVargas, Maria
dc.contributor.authorMedina, Mayerlim
dc.contributor.authorArias, Víctor
dc.contributor.authorBermúdez, Valmore
dc.date.accessioned2018-10-04T20:38:45Z
dc.date.available2018-10-04T20:38:45Z
dc.date.issued2018-07-15
dc.description.abstractObjetivo. Investigar la posible asociación entre el consumo de fibra y el estado nutricional antropométrico en niños y adolescentes, así como con la presencia de síndrome metabólico (SM) y sus componentes individuales. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo y transversal que contó con una muestra de 298 niños y adolescentes de ambos géneros (149 obesos) seleccionados al azar de 10 a 17 años de edad. A todos se les realizó evaluación clínica, bioquímica, antropométrica y dietética. El examen físico incluyó verificación del estadio puberal y toma de tensión arterial (TA). El estado nutricional antropométrico se determinó utilizando el peso y la talla para calcular el índice de masa corporal y se midió la circunferencia de cintura; para la evaluación dietética se empleó un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. La evaluación bioquímica incluyó la determinación de los niveles de glucosa (GliB), insulina basal (InsB) y lípidos plasmáticos. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS para Windows, se aplicó la prueba t de Student, ANOVA de un factor, la prueba de correlación de Pearson y Chi2 de Pearson según el caso, considerándose significativos los valores de p<0,05. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias (p<0,05) entre eutróficos y obesos para todas las variables analizadas a excepción de la GliB; al comparar los obesos con y sin SM, se observaron diferencias (p<0,05) para todas las variables, menos para la edad, GliB y Colesterol total. El 26,2% de los sujetos obesos presentó SM. El consumo de fibra de todos los grupos estuvo debajo de las recomendaciones de la OMS y la fuente principal fueron los cereales. También se evidenció diferencia en el consumo de fibra entre obesos y eutróficos (p<0,034), pero no entre obesos con y sin SM. Se encontró correlación inversa entre el consumo de fibra total e IMC, CC, TA y GliB (p<0,05) y entre la fibra procedente de frutas con el IMC, CC, TA, GliB, InsB y los triacilgliceridos (p<0,05), pero positiva entre la fibra procedente de vegetales y el IMC, CC e InsB (p<0,05). Conclusiones. El menor consumo de fibra se asocia con mayor presencia de obesidad y componentes de SM y la ingesta diaria de frutas parece incidir de forma positiva sobre la salud metabólica de niños y adolescentes.spa
dc.description.abstractObjective. To investigate the association between fiber consumption and anthropometric nutritional status, of metabolic syndrome (SM) and its individual components, in subjects of pediatric age. Materials and methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was designed with a randomly selected sample of 298 children and adolescents of both genders (149 obese) and 10 to 17 years of age. All of them underwent clinical, biochemical, anthropometric and dietetic evaluation. Physical examination included pubertal stage verification and arterial blood pressure (TA).The anthropometrical nutritional status was determined using the weight and height to calculate the BMI and the waist circumference (CC) was also measured; a food consumption frequency questionnaire was used for the dietary evaluation. The biochemical evaluation included the determination of basal glucose (GliB), insulin (InsB) and plasmatic lipids levels. For the statistical analysis the SPSS program for Windows was used, the t-Student, one ANOVA factor, Pearson correlation and Pearson’s Chi2 test were applied, considering the values of p<0.05 to be significant. Results. Differences were found (p<0.05) between eutrophic and obese for all variables analyzed with the exception of the GliB; when comparing obese with and without SM, differences were observed (p<0.05) for all parameters except for the age, GliB and total cholesterol. The 26.2% of obese subjects presented SM. The consumption of fiber of all groups was below the WHO’s recommendations and the main source were cereals. Also was evident difference in the consumption of fiber between obese and eutrophic (p<0,034), but not between obese individuals with and without SM. An inverse correlation between total fiber consumption and BMI, CC, TA and GliB (p<0.05) was found and between the fiber from fruits with BMI, CC, TA, GliB, InsB and triacilgliceridos (p<0.05), but positive between the fiber from vegetables and BMI, CC and InsB (p<0.05). Conclusions. A lower fiber consumption is associated with obesity and SM components Daily intake of fruits seems to exhibit a positive impact on the metabolic health of children and adolescents.eng
dc.identifier.issn18564550
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/2315
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherSociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertenciónspa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licenselicencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.sourceRevista Latinoameriana de Hipertenciónspa
dc.sourceVol. 3, N° 2 (2018)
dc.source.urihttp://www.revhipertension.com/rlh_2_2018/12_el_consumo_de_fibre_dietetica.pdf
dc.subjectFibra dietéticaspa
dc.subjectConsumo de frutasspa
dc.subjectSíndrome metabólicospa
dc.subjectObesidadspa
dc.subjectNiños y adolescentesspa
dc.subjectDietary fibereng
dc.subjectFruit consumptioneng
dc.subjectMetabolic syndromeeng
dc.subjectObesityeng
dc.subjectChildren and adolescentseng
dc.titleEl consumo de fibra dietética está inversamente asociado con el estado nutricional antropométrico y con los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico en niños y adolescentesspa
dc.titleDietary fiber consumption is inversely associated with the anthropometric nutritional status and metabolic syndrome components in children and adolescentseng
dc.typearticlespa
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