Evaluación del impacto del uso de tecnología digital en la asistencia de pacientes con enfermedad renal en un programa de salud renal en la ciudad de Itagüí, Colombia
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Rico-Fontalvo, Jorge
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
La tesis doctoral examina el impacto que tiene la implementación de una herramienta de
tecnología digital en un programa de salud renal en Itagüí (Colombia), abordando cómo las
innovaciones afectan la eficacia y eficiencia en la atención de pacientes con enfermedad renal
crónica (ERC). La creciente relevancia de las enfermedades crónicas, como la ERC, ha
subrayado la necesidad de mejorar los métodos de diagnóstico, las intervenciones en
prevención y tratamiento, especialmente con la integración de herramientas digitales. El
estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto del uso de tecnología digital en la asistencia
de pacientes con enfermedad renal en un programa de salud renal en la ciudad de Itagüí,
Colombia para conocer su efectividad en la atención médica. En un contexto donde la
medicina se está transformando hacia enfoques más personalizados y preventivos, se
pretende entender cómo la tecnología digital puede mejorar la atención médica en este ámbito
específico y además evaluar el impacto de la tecnología digital en la asistencia a pacientes
con ERC dentro de un programa de salud renal en la ciudad de Itagüí, para lo cual se busca
identificar las percepciones del personal médico y pacientes sobre la tecnología digital,
determinar el nivel de aceptación de esta tecnología especifica y caracterizar las estrategias
efectivas para su aplicación en el seguimiento y tratamiento de la ERC. La investigación
adopta un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño evaluativo-correlacional y transversal. Se
definieron dos unidades de análisis: El personal de salud y los pacientes con diagnóstico de
enfermedad renal crónica, que hacen parte del programa de salud renal en la ciudad de Itagüí.
La investigación se realizó en varias etapas: descriptiva para caracterizar las dos unidades de
análisis y para medir la aceptación de la tecnología, correlacional para identificar
convergencias y divergencias, además evaluativa y explicativa para formular hipótesis y rutas
de implementación. La muestra objeto del estudio fue de 66 personas que se dividieron en
dos unidades de análisis. El personal de salud (14 personas) y los pacientes (52 personas)
que están en un programa de salud renal en Itagüí. La muestra seleccionada fue la población
total del programa. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los trabajadores de salud
perciben un impacto positivo de la tecnología digital en la calidad de la atención, con un
78.6% observando mejoras en la comunicación y coordinación. El 71.4% de los trabajadores
reporta sentirse adecuadamente respaldado, aunque un 28.6% manifiestan que necesitan más
apoyo. La experiencia con la tecnología es valorada positivamente por el 85.7% de los
trabajadores. Los pacientes también reportan mejora en la gestión de su enfermedad y una
alta satisfacción con el acceso y la calidad de la atención. La tecnología digital "Renal Vi" ha
mostrado un impacto positivo en la atención a pacientes con ERC, facilitando la
comunicación y coordinación entre profesionales de la salud. Sin embargo, se identifican
áreas para mejorar, como la capacitación del personal y la personalización de la tecnología
para diferentes grupos de usuarios. Es esencial abordar los obstáculos organizativos y mejorar
el soporte técnico para maximizar el impacto positivo de la tecnología.
The doctoral thesis examines the impact of the implementation of a digital technology tool in a renal health program in Itagüí (Colombia), addressing how innovations affect the effectiveness and efficiency in the care of patients with chronic renal disease (CRE). The increasing relevance of chronic illnesses, such as ERC, has undermined the need to improve diagnostic methods, prevention and treatment interventions, especially with the integration of digital tools. The study aims to evaluate the impact of the use of digital technology in the care of patients with renal disease in a renal health program in the city of Itagüí, Colombia to understand its effectiveness in medical care. In a context where medicine is transforming into more personalized and preventive approaches, the aim is to understand how digital technology can improve medical care in this specific area and also evaluate the impact of digital technology on care for patients with CRE within a renal health program in the city of Itagüí, which seeks to identify the perceptions of personal physician and patients on digital technology, determine the level of acceptance of this specific technology and characterize effective strategies for its application in the follow-up and treatment of ERC. The investigation adopts a quantitative approach with an evaluative-correlational and transversal design. Two analysis units were defined: Health personnel and patients diagnosed with chronic renal disease, which is part of the renal health program in the city of Itagüí. The investigation is carried out in several stages: descriptive to characterize the two analysis units and to measure the acceptance of technology, correlational to identify convergences and divergences, and also evaluative and explanatory to formulate hypotheses and implementation routes. The sample object of the study was from 66 people who were divided into two analysis units. The healthcare staff (14 people) and the patients (52 people) who are in a renal health program in Itagüí. The selected sample was the total population of the program. The results show that the majority of health workers perceive a positive impact of digital technology on the quality of care, with 78.6% observing improvements in communication and coordination. 71.4% of workers report feeling adequately supported, although 28.6% say they need more support. Experience with technology is valued positively by 85.7% of workers. Patients also report improvement in the management of their illness and high satisfaction with access and the quality of care. The "Renal Vi" digital technology has shown a positive impact on the care of patients with CRE, facilitating communication and coordination between healthcare professionals. However, areas for improvement are identified, such as personal training and technology personalization for different user groups. It is essential to address organizational obstacles and improve technical support to maximize the positive impact of technology.
The doctoral thesis examines the impact of the implementation of a digital technology tool in a renal health program in Itagüí (Colombia), addressing how innovations affect the effectiveness and efficiency in the care of patients with chronic renal disease (CRE). The increasing relevance of chronic illnesses, such as ERC, has undermined the need to improve diagnostic methods, prevention and treatment interventions, especially with the integration of digital tools. The study aims to evaluate the impact of the use of digital technology in the care of patients with renal disease in a renal health program in the city of Itagüí, Colombia to understand its effectiveness in medical care. In a context where medicine is transforming into more personalized and preventive approaches, the aim is to understand how digital technology can improve medical care in this specific area and also evaluate the impact of digital technology on care for patients with CRE within a renal health program in the city of Itagüí, which seeks to identify the perceptions of personal physician and patients on digital technology, determine the level of acceptance of this specific technology and characterize effective strategies for its application in the follow-up and treatment of ERC. The investigation adopts a quantitative approach with an evaluative-correlational and transversal design. Two analysis units were defined: Health personnel and patients diagnosed with chronic renal disease, which is part of the renal health program in the city of Itagüí. The investigation is carried out in several stages: descriptive to characterize the two analysis units and to measure the acceptance of technology, correlational to identify convergences and divergences, and also evaluative and explanatory to formulate hypotheses and implementation routes. The sample object of the study was from 66 people who were divided into two analysis units. The healthcare staff (14 people) and the patients (52 people) who are in a renal health program in Itagüí. The selected sample was the total population of the program. The results show that the majority of health workers perceive a positive impact of digital technology on the quality of care, with 78.6% observing improvements in communication and coordination. 71.4% of workers report feeling adequately supported, although 28.6% say they need more support. Experience with technology is valued positively by 85.7% of workers. Patients also report improvement in the management of their illness and high satisfaction with access and the quality of care. The "Renal Vi" digital technology has shown a positive impact on the care of patients with CRE, facilitating communication and coordination between healthcare professionals. However, areas for improvement are identified, such as personal training and technology personalization for different user groups. It is essential to address organizational obstacles and improve technical support to maximize the positive impact of technology.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Innovación en medicina, Tecnología digital, Salud renal, Enfermedad renal crónica, Mejora de la atención médica
