Evaluación de la genotoxicidad de una presentación comercial del glifosato para uso agrícola en la línea celular HEK 293
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Felizzola Jiménez, Erika Patricia
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas
Resumen
El glifosato es una sustancia química de uso agrícola para el control de maleza en
cultivos, jardinería y erradicación de cultivos ilícitos. Los seres humanos y animales
al tener contacto con agua y alimentos contaminados con glifosato, puede provocar
en ellos intoxicación, presentando síntomas como nauseas, vómito, calambre
abdominal, diarrea y otros más severos como daño renal, hepático y eventualmente
la muerte. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos citotóxicos y
genotóxicos de una presentación comercial de glifosato llamada PANZER® en la
línea celular renal embrionaria humana HEK 293. Las celulas fueron expuestas a
diferentes concentraciones de glifosato, 6,729 μg/ml; 13,39 μg/ml; 26,79 μg/ml;
47,25 μg/ml; 53,5 μg/ml; 94,5 μg/ml; 107 μg/ml; 162 μg/ml 176 μg/ml; 189 μg/ml;
216 μg/ml y un control de celulas HEK 293 sin ningún tratamiento de glifosato en
condiciones in vitro. El efecto biológico que puede provocar el glifosato sobre las
celulas fue evaluado en el ensayo clonogénico donde se observó que a partir de la
concentración de 47,25 μg/ml disminuye la capacidad de multiplicación celular y
esta capacidad clonogénica sigue disminuyendo en las concentraciones de 94,5
μg/ml y 189 μg/ml. En el ensayo citoma a partir de concentración de 47,25 μg/ml se
observó la presencia de micronucleos (MN), puentes nucleares (NPBs) y brotes
nucleares (NBUDs), las celulas necróticas y apoptóticas aumentan en la
concentración de 189 μg/ml. En el ensayo cometa se observó el daño sobre el ADN
a partir de la concentración de 47,25 μg/ml y continuó aumentando en las
concentraciones de 94,5 μg/ml y 189 μg/ml. Estos resultados mostraron el efecto
citotóxico y genotóxico que puede provocar la presentación comercial de glifosato
(PANZER®) en las celulas HEK 293. Además, de la necesidad de seguir estudiando
diversos mecanismos de toxicidad asociados con la exposición al glifosato y sus
implicaciones en la salud humana y ambiental con la finalidad de controlar el uso y
manejo de este químico y así disminuir los riesgos a la salud.
Glyphosate is a chemical used in agriculture to control weeds in crops, gardening and the eradication of illicit crops. Human beings and animals, when in contact with water and food contaminated with glyphosate, can cause intoxication in them, presenting symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and other more severe ones such as kidney and liver damage and eventually death. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of a commercial presentation of glyphosate called PANZER® in the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK 293. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate, 6,729 μg/ml; 13.39 μg/ml; 26.79 μg/ml; 47.25 μg/ml; 53.5 μg/ml; 94.5 μg/ml; 107 μg/mL; 162 μg/ml 176 μg/ml; 189 μg/ml; 216 μg/ml and a control of HEK 293 cells without any glyphosate treatment under in vitro conditions. The biological effect that glyphosate can cause on cells was evaluated in the clonogenic assay, where it was observed that from a concentration of 47.25 μg/ml the capacity for cell multiplication decreases and this clonogenic capacity continues to decrease at concentrations of 94 0.5 μg/ml and 189 μg/ml. In the cytome assay from a concentration of 47.25 μg/ml, the presence of micronuclei (MN), nuclear bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) was observed, the necrotic and apoptotic cells increase in the concentration of 189 μg/ml. ml. In the comet assay DNA damage was observed starting at the 47.25 μg/ml concentration and continued to increase at the 94.5 μg/ml and 189 μg/ml concentrations. These results showed the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect that the commercial presentation of glyphosate (PANZER®) can cause in HEK 293 cells. In addition, the need to continue studying various mechanisms of toxicity associated with exposure to glyphosate and its implications for health human and environmental in order to control the use and management of this chemical and thus reduce health risks.
Glyphosate is a chemical used in agriculture to control weeds in crops, gardening and the eradication of illicit crops. Human beings and animals, when in contact with water and food contaminated with glyphosate, can cause intoxication in them, presenting symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and other more severe ones such as kidney and liver damage and eventually death. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of a commercial presentation of glyphosate called PANZER® in the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK 293. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate, 6,729 μg/ml; 13.39 μg/ml; 26.79 μg/ml; 47.25 μg/ml; 53.5 μg/ml; 94.5 μg/ml; 107 μg/mL; 162 μg/ml 176 μg/ml; 189 μg/ml; 216 μg/ml and a control of HEK 293 cells without any glyphosate treatment under in vitro conditions. The biological effect that glyphosate can cause on cells was evaluated in the clonogenic assay, where it was observed that from a concentration of 47.25 μg/ml the capacity for cell multiplication decreases and this clonogenic capacity continues to decrease at concentrations of 94 0.5 μg/ml and 189 μg/ml. In the cytome assay from a concentration of 47.25 μg/ml, the presence of micronuclei (MN), nuclear bridges (NPBs) and nuclear buds (NBUDs) was observed, the necrotic and apoptotic cells increase in the concentration of 189 μg/ml. ml. In the comet assay DNA damage was observed starting at the 47.25 μg/ml concentration and continued to increase at the 94.5 μg/ml and 189 μg/ml concentrations. These results showed the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect that the commercial presentation of glyphosate (PANZER®) can cause in HEK 293 cells. In addition, the need to continue studying various mechanisms of toxicity associated with exposure to glyphosate and its implications for health human and environmental in order to control the use and management of this chemical and thus reduce health risks.
Descripción
Palabras clave
PANZER®, Citotoxicidad, Genotoxicidad, Glifosato, Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, Glyphosate