Bienestar psicológico y características sociodemográficas en estudiantes universitarios durante la cuarentena por SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Araque-Castellanos, Franlet
González-Gutiérrez, Orlando
López-Jaimes, Ruth Jimena
Nuván-Hurtado, Irma-Lizeth
Medina-Ortiz, Oscar
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Editor
Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Resumen
Introducción: En la situación de cuarentena debido al
SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), se ha reconocido el carácter estresante de esta experiencia y sus efectos negativos en la
estabilidad emocional y la salud mental de los estudiantes
universitarios; por esto, importa reconocer cuál es su impacto
en el Bienestar Psicológico en esta población, y el papel de
las características sociodemográficas en él.
Objetivo: Analizar las relaciones entre el Bienestar Psicológico y las características sociodemográficas en estudiantes universitarios durante el momento inicial de confinamiento preventivo debido a la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
(Covid-19).
Métodos: La muestra estuvo constituida por 1631 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos, quienes fueron caracterizados sociodemográficamente y evaluados con la Escala
de Bienestar Psicológico (EBP) de Ryff, durante el periodo
inicial de la cuarentena estricta.
Resultados: Los niveles más elevados de Bienestar Psicológico se asociaron al sexo femenino (81,7%), personas
solteras (75%) y al estrato socioeconómico alto. Se encontró
asociación significativa entre tener Tratamiento psiquiátrico
y más bajo Bienestar Psicológico. La mayoría de los estudiantes mostraron niveles medios de Bienestar Psicológico,
con mejores niveles en las dimensiones Propósito de vida,
Crecimiento personal y Autoaceptación.
Conclusión: Los resultados muestran que, en el aislamiento
inicial debido a la pandemia, el Bienestar Psicológico no estaba negativamente afectado en los estudiantes universitarios del estudio, predominando los niveles medios de bienestar, lo cual podría haber estado contribuyendo a un mejor
afrontamiento de la situación. Sin embargo, esto no descarta
que pudiera afectarse negativamente más adelante, al transcurrir mayor tiempo de confinamiento.
Introduction: In the quarantine situation due to SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), the stressful nature of this experience and its negative effects on the emotional stability and mental health of university students have been recognized; For this reason, it is important to recognize the impact on psychological wellbeing in this population and the role of sociodemographic characteristics in it. Objective: To analyze the relationships between psychological well-being and sociodemographic characteristics in university students during the initial moment of preventive confinement due to the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic. Methods: The sample consisted of 1631 university students of both sexes, who were characterized sociodemographically and evaluated with the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (EBP), during the initial period of strict quarantine. Results: The highest levels of Psychological Well-being were associated with the female sex (81.7%), single people (75%) and the high socioeconomic stratum. A significant association was found between having psychiatric treatment and psychological well-being. Most of the students showed medium levels of Psychological a lower Well-being, with better levels in Life Purpose, Personal Growth and Self-acceptance. Conclusion: The results show that in the initial isolation due to the pandemic, Psychological Well-being was not negatively affected in the university students in the study, with medium levels of well-being predominating, which could have been contributing to a better coping with the situation. However, this does not rule out that it could be negatively affected later, after a longer confinement time.
Introduction: In the quarantine situation due to SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), the stressful nature of this experience and its negative effects on the emotional stability and mental health of university students have been recognized; For this reason, it is important to recognize the impact on psychological wellbeing in this population and the role of sociodemographic characteristics in it. Objective: To analyze the relationships between psychological well-being and sociodemographic characteristics in university students during the initial moment of preventive confinement due to the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic. Methods: The sample consisted of 1631 university students of both sexes, who were characterized sociodemographically and evaluated with the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (EBP), during the initial period of strict quarantine. Results: The highest levels of Psychological Well-being were associated with the female sex (81.7%), single people (75%) and the high socioeconomic stratum. A significant association was found between having psychiatric treatment and psychological well-being. Most of the students showed medium levels of Psychological a lower Well-being, with better levels in Life Purpose, Personal Growth and Self-acceptance. Conclusion: The results show that in the initial isolation due to the pandemic, Psychological Well-being was not negatively affected in the university students in the study, with medium levels of well-being predominating, which could have been contributing to a better coping with the situation. However, this does not rule out that it could be negatively affected later, after a longer confinement time.
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Palabras clave
Estudiantes universitarios, Características sociodemográficas, Bienestar psicológico, SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), Impacto psicológico por pandemia, Aislamiento social, University students, Sociodemographic characteristics, Psychological well-being, Psychological impact of pandemic, Social isolation