Características epidemiológicas de pacientes con lepra notificados al sistema nacional de vigilancia en salud pública (SIVIGILA) en Colombia 2016-2019
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Fecha
2020-12
Autores
Mendoza Iglesias, María José
Mercado Vilotia, Jeiner David
Pantoja Torres, Dagoberto de Jesús
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Para la OMS “La lepra es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica causada por Mycobacterium leprae, un bacilo acidorresistente. Es una enfermedad antigua, descrita ya en la literatura de las civilizaciones de la antigüedad. A lo largo de la historia, los enfermos con lepra se han visto condenados al rechazo y la discriminación por sus comunidades y familias sin embargo en la actualidad se busca evitar por encima de todo estos actos descomunales y garantizar a partir de tratamientos una calidad de vida a quien la padezca. El presente trabajo pretende describir el comportamiento de la lepra durante los años 2016 al 2019 en Colombia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que comprendió todos los casos de Lepra notificados a través de la Ficha de notificación Individual 450 al Subsistema de información SIVIGILA-Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública durante el periodo 2016 – 2019. Resultados: Se evidenciaron ciertas variaciones, dentro del cual encontramos un periodo con mayor número de casos dentro del rango 2017-2018 en el cual el número de casos positivos de lepra fueron de un 32%, que equivale a 13 casos por año. Por otra parte, tenemos que el rango
de edad con mayor número de casos de Lepra fue entre 27-59 años con un total de
52.5% y los pacientes con diagnóstico de lepra según la ocupación fue de un 62.5%
a trabajadores no clasificados. Conclusión: Al finalizar este estudio se concluye
que las personas afectadas por lepra constituyen un importante recurso para la
vigilancia y pueden desempeñar un papel primordial en el papel de la enfermedad.
For WHO “Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast bacillus. It is an ancient disease, already described in the literature of ancient civilizations. Throughout history, patients with leprosy have been condemned to rejection and discrimination by their communities and families, however, today it is sought to avoid above all these enormous acts and to guarantee a quality of life from treatments to whoever suffers it (2). This work aims to describe the behavior of leprosy during the years 2016 to 2019 in Colombia. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out that included all the cases of Leprosy notified through the Individual Notification Form 450 to the SIVIGILA-National Public Health Surveillance System information subsystem during the period 2016 - 2019. Results: Certain variations, within which we find a period with a higher number of cases within the range 2017-2018 in which the number of positive cases of leprosy was 32%, which is equivalent to 13 cases per year. On the other hand, we have that the age range with the highest number of cases of Leprosy was between 27-59 years with a total of 52.5% and the patients with a diagnosis of leprosy according to occupation was 62.5% to unclassified workers. Conclusion: At the end of this study, it is concluded that people affected by leprosy constitute an important resource for surveillance and can play a key role in the role of the disease.
For WHO “Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast bacillus. It is an ancient disease, already described in the literature of ancient civilizations. Throughout history, patients with leprosy have been condemned to rejection and discrimination by their communities and families, however, today it is sought to avoid above all these enormous acts and to guarantee a quality of life from treatments to whoever suffers it (2). This work aims to describe the behavior of leprosy during the years 2016 to 2019 in Colombia. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out that included all the cases of Leprosy notified through the Individual Notification Form 450 to the SIVIGILA-National Public Health Surveillance System information subsystem during the period 2016 - 2019. Results: Certain variations, within which we find a period with a higher number of cases within the range 2017-2018 in which the number of positive cases of leprosy was 32%, which is equivalent to 13 cases per year. On the other hand, we have that the age range with the highest number of cases of Leprosy was between 27-59 years with a total of 52.5% and the patients with a diagnosis of leprosy according to occupation was 62.5% to unclassified workers. Conclusion: At the end of this study, it is concluded that people affected by leprosy constitute an important resource for surveillance and can play a key role in the role of the disease.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Lepra, Epidemiologia, Mycobacterium leprae, Caracterización, Leprosy, Epidemiology, Mycobacterium leprae, Characterization